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Grand Rounds - UNC MS1 Anatomy
Grand Rounds - UNC MS1 Anatomy
19
Anatomy
Graduate
11/11/2011

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Cards

Term
what 3 things are included in the AJCC staging system for breast cancer?
Definition
Tumor size
Nodal status
Distant mets
Term
what is the sentinel node?
Definition
first node receiving efferent lymph drainage from the primary tumor
Term
what are some of the signs of congenital diaphragmatic hernia?
Definition
typically seen in prenatal ultrasound.
see stomach, bowel, liver, etc. above the diaphragm.
looking for lung hypoplasia, shifting mediastinal contents to the right.
Term
how does CDH develop embryologically?
Definition
failure of the pleuroperitoneal membrane to grow across the foramen of Bochdalek
Term
what are some of the consequental manifestations of CDH?
Definition
lung hypoplasia -->
pulmonary arterial muscularization due to increased blood flow/pressure
fewer blood vessels develop --> pulmonary hypertension
Term
what is permissive hypercapnea?
Definition
"gentilation" = gentle ventilation
Term
what is the bassini repair for hernias?
Definition
attaching conjoined tendon and inguinal ligament to pull muscles in and close the hole; no mesh used
Term
what is the lichtenstein repair for hernia?
Definition
mesh is placed over the 'broken' muscle
Term
what is the most common location for an aortic aneurysm?
Definition
infrarenal
Term
what % of aneurysms will rupture, patients die before reaching the hospital, survive >30 days post-surgery?
Definition
33%, 75%, 50%
Term
what do marfan syndrome, ehlers-danlos, and loeys-dietz syndrome have in common?
Definition
They are rare genetic disorders associated with aneurysms.
First two also have collagen-joint problems.
Term
how do you diagnose a ruptured AAA?
Definition
clinically - pain and hypotension
can do a CT (no contrast)
Term
what are the two AAA repairs?
Definition
open - replace portion of aorta
endovascular - replace lining of aorta
Term
what is bilious emesis?
what is suspected in this case?
what do you do?
Definition
vomiting of bile-stained (green) fluid.
suspect intestinal blockage, specifically malrotation of the volvulus.
need surgical consult/exploration, upper gi imaging, and/or small bowel follow through
Term
where should the ligament of Trietz be?
Definition
behind stomach, left of vertebral column
Term
what are the risk factors for gallstones? (5)
Definition
fat, female, 40+, fertile, and fair
Term
what is Murphy's sign?
Definition
see if respiration is arrested due to deep palpation
Term
why can't you just remove a damaged pancreas head?
Definition
because it has the same blood supply as the duodenum (and common bile duct as well)
Term
what is removing the pancreas head and duodenum called?
Definition
whipple - take out part of stomach too.
3 anastomoses - stomach to duodenum
common bile duct to duodenum
pancreas tail to duodenum
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