Term
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Definition
| Political institutions are organizations which create, enforce, and apply laws; that mediate conflict; make (governmental) policy on the economy and social systems |
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Term
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Definition
| the form or system of rule by which a state, community, etc., is governed |
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Definition
| an authoritative direction or instruction; command; mandate. |
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Definition
| freedom from arbitrary or despotic government or control. |
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Term
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Definition
| A person or body of persons who have the power to control, command, or determine. |
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Term
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Definition
| The quality of being in accordance with established rules, principles, or standards. |
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Definition
| a centralized government that does not tolerate parties of differing opinion and that exercises dictatorial control over many aspects of life. |
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Definition
| A form of government that is dictatorial or has extreme right-wing views. |
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Term
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Definition
| a governmental or political system, principle, or practice in which individual freedom is held as completely subordinate to the power or authority of the state, centered either in one person or a small group that is not constitutionally accountable to the people. |
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Term
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Definition
| a government or state ruled by an elite or privileged upper class. |
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Term
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Definition
| a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their elected agents under a free electoral system. |
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Term
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Definition
| A system of Democracy in which every member of the Democratic nation has the ability to cast their vote on every election and decision of the government |
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Term
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Definition
| the branch of government having the power to make laws |
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Term
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Definition
| a political theory wherein a government's legitimacy and moral right to use state power is only justified and legal when derived from the people or society over which that political power is exercised |
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Definition
| an English philosopher and physician whose ideas of classical republicanism and liberal theory are reflected in the Declaration of Independence. |
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Definition
| a state in which the supreme power rests in the body of citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by representatives chosen directly or indirectly by them. |
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Term
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Definition
| the doctrine that sovereign power is vested in the people, and that those chosen to govern must exercise power in conformity with the general will. |
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Term
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Definition
| a form of government embodying democratic principles and where a monarch is not the head of state |
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Term
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Definition
| a system of government in which the citizens elect leaders within their local areas who will represent their interests in the national governing body. |
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Term
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Definition
| suffrage for all persons over a certain age who satisfy the requirements established by law. |
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Term
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Definition
| the doctrine that the numerical majority of an organized group can make decisions binding on the whole group |
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Term
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Definition
| A form of government that is restricted with reference to governing powers by limitations prescribed in laws and in a constitution. |
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Term
| Majoritarianism (Theory of Democracy) |
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Definition
| rule by a majority, especially the belief that those constituting a simple majority should make the rules for all members of a group, nation, etc. |
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Term
| Elite Theory of Democracy |
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Definition
| The theory that a small minority, consisting of members of the economic elite and policy-planning networks, holds the most power and that this power is independent of a state's democratic elections process |
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Term
| Pluralist Theory of Democracy |
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Definition
| The theory that politics and decision making are located mostly in the framework of government, but that many non-governmental groups use their resources to exert influence. |
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Term
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Definition
| the traditional orientation of the citizens of a nation toward politics |
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Definition
| a concept concerning the study of the developmental processes by which children acquire political cognition, attitudes and behaviors |
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Definition
| the state or quality of being equal |
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Term
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Definition
| ownership; right of possession, enjoyment, or disposal of anything, especially of something tangible |
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Term
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Definition
| an economic system in which investment in and ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange of wealth is made and maintained chiefly by private individuals or corporations |
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Definition
| a theory or system of social organization that advocates the sharing of the ownership, control of the means of production, and distribution of capital, land, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| the body of doctrine, myth, belief, etc., that guides an individual, social movement, institution, class, or large group. |
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Term
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Definition
| the disposition to preserve or restore what is established and traditional and to limit change. |
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Definition
| a political or social philosophy advocating the freedom of the individual, parliamentary systems of government, nonviolent modification of political, social, or economic institutions to assure unrestricted development in all spheres of human endeavor, and governmental guarantees of individual rights and civil liberties. |
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Term
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Definition
| the political philosophy that holds individual liberty as the basic moral principle of society. |
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Definition
| a political institution in which a number of representatives come together to debate, negotiate with the executive branch, and create legislature. |
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Definition
| the first governing document of Plymouth Colony. |
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Term
| First Continental Congress |
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Definition
| a convention of delegates from twelve of the thirteen North American colonies that met, in response to the passage of the Coercive Acts, on September 5, 1774, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |
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Term
| Second Continental Congress |
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Definition
| a convention of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that started meeting on May 10, 1775, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; adopted the United States Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776 |
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Term
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Definition
| laws considered as derived from nature, right reason, or religion and as ethically binding in human society |
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Term
| Declaration of Independence |
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Definition
| a statement which announced the thirteen American colonies independence from the British Empire |
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Term
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Definition
| an agreement for mutual benefit between an individual or group and the government or community as a whole. |
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Term
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Definition
| a legislature which consists of one chamber or house |
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Term
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Definition
| a legislature which consists of two chambers or houses. |
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Term
| Articles of Confederation |
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Definition
| an agreement among the 13 founding states that legally established the United States of America as a confederation of sovereign states and served as its first constitution. |
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Term
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Definition
| an armed uprising in Massachusetts from 1786 to 1787 over the financial difficulties of farmers under The Articles of Confederation |
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Term
| Constitutional Convention |
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Definition
| A meeting that took place from May 14 to September 17, 1787 that was intended to revise the Articles of Confederation, but opted to create a new government rather than fix the existing one. |
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Term
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Definition
| Members of the Federalist Party; called for stronger central government; Created by Alexander Hamilton; John Adams was the only Federalist president |
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Term
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Definition
| Members of a movement that opposed the creation of a stronger U.S. federal government |
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Definition
| The collective name for the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution |
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Definition
| a proposal by Virginia delegates, for a bicameral legislative branch at the Second Constitutional Convention |
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Term
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Definition
| fourth President of the United States; primary author of the United States Constitution and key author of the United States Bill of Rights; Helped produce the Federalist Papers |
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Term
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Definition
| The second Secretary of State and the first United States Attorney General. |
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Term
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Definition
| a proposal calling for two houses of Congress, both elected with apportionment according to population or direct taxes paid. |
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Definition
| signer of the U.S. Constitution and Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court; proposed the New Jersey Plan |
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Term
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Definition
| Compromise between Virginia and New Jersey plans that made for proportional representation in the lower house, but required the upper house to be weighted equally between the states |
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Term
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Definition
| Served on the Committee of Five that drafted the Declaration of Independence; Only person to sign the Continental Association, the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution. |
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Term
| Three-Fifths Clause/Compromise |
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Definition
| Determined that three-fifths of the slaves would be counted for representation purposes regarding the distribution of taxes and the apportionment of the members of the House of Representatives |
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Term
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Definition
| Concept that the government should be divided into branches, each with separate and independent powers and areas of responsibility so that no one branch has more power than another |
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Term
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Definition
| A French social commentator and political thinker who lived during the Enlightenment; Theorized the "Separation of Powers" |
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Term
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Definition
| Regulations put in place to maintain the separation of powers |
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Term
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Definition
| electors appointed by each state who formally elect the President and Vice President of the United States |
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Term
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Definition
| A state governed as one single unit in which the central government is supreme and any administrative divisions exercise only powers that their central government chooses to delegate |
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Term
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Definition
| a permanent union of political units for common action in relation to other units |
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Term
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Definition
| set forth the authoritative capacity of the United States Congress |
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Term
| Necessary and Proper Clause |
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Definition
| "The Congress shall have Power - To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer there of" |
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Term
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Definition
| the capacity of the states to regulate behavior and enforce order within their territory for the betterment of the general welfare, morals, health, and safety of their inhabitants. |
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Term
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Definition
| powers in nations with a federal system of government that are shared by both the state and the federal government. |
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Term
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Definition
| mandates that all state judges must follow federal law when a conflict arises between federal law and either the state constitution or state law of any state |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| McCulloch v Maryland (1819) |
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| Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions |
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Definition
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| Reconstruction Amendments |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| Pollock v Farmers' Loan & Trust Company (1895) |
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| Hammer v Dagenhart (1918) |
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Definition
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| Schecter Poultry Corp. v United States (1935) |
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Definition
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Term
| Agricultural Adjustment Act |
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| Lyndon Johnson and the Great Society Program |
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Definition
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| Richard Nixon and the "New Federalism" |
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Definition
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Definition
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| Incorporation of Bill of Rights into States |
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Definition
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Definition
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| Aid to Church-Related Schools |
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| Ten Commandments and Their Public Display |
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| Religious Freedom Restoration Act (1993) |
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| Clear and Present Danger Test |
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Definition
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| Pornography and the Internet |
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Definition
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| Slander (Unprotected Speech) |
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| Right to Assemble and Petition Government |
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| Abortion and Privacy Rights |
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Definition
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| Privacy Rights v National Security |
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| No Unreasonable Search and Seizures |
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Definition
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| Probable Cause (Search and Seizures) |
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Definition
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Definition
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| Right to Avoid Self-Incrimination |
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| No Cruel and Unusual Punishment |
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Definition
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| Issue of the Death Penalty |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| Griswold v Connecticut (1965) |
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Definition
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| Gideon v Wainwright (1963) |
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Definition
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| Schenk v United States (1919) |
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Definition
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| Brandenburg v Ohio (1969) |
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Definition
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| Miller v California (1973) |
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| Dred Scott v Sandford (1857) |
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| Anti-Ku Klux Klan Act of 1872 |
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| Civil Rights Cases (1883) |
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| Disfranchisement of African Americans |
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Definition
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Definition
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| Brown v Board of Education (1954) |
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| Voting Rights Act of 1965 |
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| Consequences of Civil Rights Movement |
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Definition
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Term
| Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton (NWSA) |
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Definition
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Definition
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| Alice Paul (Congressional Union/National Women's Party) |
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| Betty Friedan (National Organization for Women) |
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| Title VII of Civil Rights Act |
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| Reaction to Affirmative Action - Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1979) |
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Definition
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Term
| Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 |
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Definition
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Term
| Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 |
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Definition
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Term
| Voting rights for young adults – Twentieth-sixth Amendment (1971) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the collective opinion of many people on the government |
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Definition
| A person's non-proclaimed opinion on the government |
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Definition
| The majority opinion on a subject |
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Definition
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Definition
| radio, television, newspapers, and magazines influence the general public's opinion of the government by radicalizing their viewer/reader's political beleifs |
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| Public Opinion and Policy Making |
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| Election-Specific Factors |
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Definition
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Definition
| a group of people drawn or acting together in support of a common interest or to voice a common concern |
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Definition
| a person who tries to influence legislation on behalf of a special interest |
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| Foreign Governments as Interest Groups |
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Definition
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| Size/Resources of Interest Groups |
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| Interest Group Strategies |
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| Interest Groups & Representative Democracy |
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| "Rum, Romanism, and Rebellion" |
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| Progressive Party (Bull Moose Party) |
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| Franklin Delano Roosevelt |
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| Post-1968 Era of Divided Gov. |
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Definition
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| Richard Nixon (Southern Strategy) |
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Definition
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| Core Constituents of Parties |
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Definition
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| Economic Beliefs of Parties |
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Definition
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Definition
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| Regionalism in Party Identification |
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Definition
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| Reconstruction Amendments |
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| National Party Convention |
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| Historical Foundations of Two Party System |
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| Winner-Take-All Political System |
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| Ideological Third Parties |
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| Rational Ignorance Effect |
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| Registration Requirements |
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| Legal Restrictions on Voting |
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| Factors Influencing Who Votes |
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| Support Agencies for Congress |
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| Qualifications for Election to Congress |
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| Party Caucus or Conference |
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| Qualifications for President |
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Definition
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| Constitutional Powers of President |
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| Appointment Power of President |
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1) Can Convene Congress
2) Can Make Treaties and Executive Agreements
3) Can Veto Bills
4) Commander-in-Chief
5) Pardoning |
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| Executive Office of President |
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| Public Opinion of Presidency |
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| Mobilizing Public Opinion |
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| President as Policy Maker |
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| President's Role in Legislation |
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