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Government FInal
Accord, wcjc
68
History
Undergraduate 1
05/10/2014

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Cards

Term
What are the principles of democracy?(5 fundamental principles)
Definition
-Equality in voting
-Freedom
-Equal protection of the law
-majority rule and minority rights
-Voluntary consent to be governed
Term
Political Culture
Definition
set of ideas/values about the governemt held by a nation
Term
What are 3 American fundamental political values?
Definition
The rights to liberty, equality, and property.
Term
What is liberty? (American political values)
Definition
-free from external ctrls
-free religion,speech,opinions,act
-does not infringe on rights of other individuals
-basic requirement in democracy

+
Term
What is equality? (American political values)
Definition
-central part of American political culture
-equal protection under the law
Term
what is property? (American political values)
Definition
-poperty, possessions ect
-capitalism:eco. system based on private ownership of producers
Term
Separate-but-equal-doctrine
Definition
14th amendment allowed racial segregation as long as the facilities are equal.
turned over in Brown vs. board
Term
De jure segregation
Definition
racial segregation b/c of laws/decisions of the government.
Term
de facto segregation
Definition
racial segregation b/c of social/economic conditions and residential patterns
Term
Isolationism
Definition
political policy
do not get involved in world affairs
Term
Interventionism
Definition
Direct involvement in another countrys affairs
Term
Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD)
Definition
chemical,biological, or nuclear weapons that cause massive casualties
Term
Mayflower Compact
Definition
Drawn up on the Mayflower, laws were to be made of the general good of the people.
Term
The stamp act
Definition
Direct tax on legal documents,stamps,cards,dice,newspapers.
Term
Articles of Confederation
Definition
-1st national constitution
-est. national form of gov. after revolution
-confederal government: central gov. had few powers
Term
Virginia Plan
Definition
-Favor large states
-bicameral (2) legislature:lower chosen by ppl, upper by members in lower chamber. Number of reps.equal to population.
-nat. executive branch, elected by legislature
-National courty system, created by legislature
Term
New-Jersey Plan
Definition
-favor smaller states
-Congress regulate trade/impose tax
-each state=1 vote
-acts of congress=supreme law of the land
-
Term
The Great compromise
Definition
-bicameral legislature
-composed to House of Representatives and the Senate
Term
3/5 compromise
Definition
-During constitutional convention
-3/5 of all slaves countred for pruposes of rep. in House of Rep.
Term
Separation of Powers
Definition
-Divided governmental powers
-No one group can exercise exclusive control
Term
Legislative checks on executive
Definition
-override presidential veteos
=impeach president
-senate confirms pres. appointments and ratify treaties
Term
Executive check on legislature
Definition
-veto legislation
Term
Executive checks on judicial
Definition
-appoint memebers of supreme courts/federal courts
Term
Judicial checks on executive
Definition
-declare an executive action unconstitutional
Term
legislative checks on judicial
Definition
-impeach
Term
Judicial on legislative
Definition
-declare legislative act unconstitutional
Term
Unitary system
Definition
Centralized government where local governments exercise powers given by the central government.
Term
Confederal System
Definition
League of independent sovereign states, joined by a central government that has limited power over them.
Term
Federal
Definition
Shared sovereignty between 2 levels of government
-1 national
-1 subnational
Term
Necessary and proper clause
Definition
Congress makes laws for the federal government to carry out its responsibilities
-elastic clause
Term
Supremacy clause
Definition
Constitution and federal laws superior to all conflicting state/local laws
Term
Concurrent powers
Definition
Powers held by both the federal and the state governments
Term
National powers
Definition
-coin money
-conduct foreign relations
-regulate interstate commerce
-declare war
-raise and support military
-establish post offices
-admit new states
-powers implied by the necessary and proper clause
Term
State powers
Definition
-regulate intrastate commerce
-conduct elections
=provide public health,safety,welfare,and morals
-establish local government
-ratify mendments to the federal constitution
-establis a state militia
Term
Federal Grants
Definition
-categorical grants-targeted for a specific purpose
-block grants-fed. grant given to a state for a broad area
Term
Civil Liberties
Definition
Individual rights protected by the Constitution against the powers of the government
Term
Due process clause
Definition
Constitutional guarantee
-4th and 5th amendment
-government will not illegally take away a persons life, liberty or property
Term
Bill of rights
Definition
-ratified by the states
-protects rights of the majority
Term
Establishment Clause
Definition
-prohibits Congress from passing laws "respecting an establishment of religion"
-issues deal with prayer in schools,theories of creation
Term
Free exercise clause
Definition
government cannot pass laws prohibiting the free exercise of religion
Term
Symbolic Speech
Definition
-expression of beliefs, opinions or ideas through actions and nonverbal expression
Term
Rights of criminal defendants
Definition
-4th:unreasonable searches and seizures
-4th:no warrant for a search
-5th:no one be deprived of life,liberty, or property
-5th:tried twice for the same criminal offense
-5h:no person can be required to be a witness against themself
-6th:trial by jury,public,speedy trial
Term
What is a interest group?
Definition
Organized group of individuals sharing a common objective attempting to influence policymakers
Term
What are PACs?
Definition
-political action committees
-established by a corporation,labor union, or special interest group to raise funds and make compaign contributions on the establishing organizations behalf
Term
Strategies interest groups use to shape policy
Definition
-put on flash card please
Term
Political Party
Definition
group of individuals who organize to win election,operate the government, and determine policy.
-serve as a major vehicle for citizen participation
Term
Political Party structure(3 components)
Definition
-party in the electorate:largest component, regular everyday members
-Party organization:has different positions to help party organize conventions, win elections, and recruit candidates
-Party in government:all candidates who win elections and hold public offices.
Term
Random Sample
Definition
-Form of opinion polling
-Each person in the entire population being polled has an equal chance of being chosen (to be sacrificed to Obama)
Term
Agents of political socialization
Definition
People and institutions that influence the political views of others.
Term
Electoral College
Definition
-Group of electors selected by voters in each state to elect the president and V.P.
-Number of electors equal to number of representatives in both chambers of congress
Term
General Election
Definition
-Election to choose president,vp,senators, and representatives.
-Held on even number years, on the tuesday after the first monday in november
Term
Primary Elections
Definition
Election where voters choose candidates who will run in the general/presidential election
Term
Campaign Organization
Definition
-put on flash card
-pg.207
Term
Soft money
Definition
-campaign contributions not regulated by federal law
-contributions made to political parties and NOT candidates
Term
Citizens United vs Federal Election Commission
Definition
-allowed ads that attack/praise specific candidates
-no limit on funding for advertising as long as it does not DIRECTLY contribute to the candidates campaign
Term
Apportionment
Definition
Distribution of House seats among the states, based on population
Term
What are Congress's 3 types of representation?
Definition
Trustee,Instructed-delegate, and partisan
Term
Trustee (1 of 4 types of Congress's representation)
Definition
serve interests of entire society
Term
Instructed-Delegate (1 of 4 types of Congress's representation)
Definition
Mirrors views of majority of constituents
Term
Partisan (1 of 4 types of Congress's representation)
Definition
Vote in interest of their party
Term
Politicao (1 of 4 types of Congress's representation)
Definition
(I added this one because it was under the same thing)
-Mixture of everything
Term
Congressional leadership
Definition
-House of Rep.:Speaker of the House
-Senate:vice president
-any needed extra info you want to add is on pg.254
Term
How does a bill become a law??
Definition
-refer to flash card
-pg.257
-check spiral too
Term
What are the roles of the president?
Definition
-Chief executive:enfore law, court decisions
-Commander in chief:lead armed forces
-Head of state:perform ceremonial activites b/c he is america
-Chief diplomat:direct foreign policy, representative
-Political party leader:yas
Term
Specified powers
Definition
-serve as commander in chief of armed forces
-appoint(w/ consent of senate)executive dep. heads, ambassadors, supreme court justices
-make treaties
-pardons
-deliver state of union address
-special sessions with house/congress
-receive ambassadors
-commission officers of U.S
-ensure law passed are faithfully executed
Term
Executive orders
Definition
-Presidential order to carry out policy described in a law
Term
Precedent
Definition
court decisions based on past cases that are similar
Term
Judicial selection
Definition
-check book, idk,
pg.319
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