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| term that descrbies the concept of limited government and all Gov and it's officers must follow |
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| principle that each branch is subject to consitutional restraints by the other branches |
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| defined as govenrment by the consent of the people |
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| Articles I, II & III of the Constitution concern these topics |
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| Legislative, Executive and Judicial Branches |
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| Makes up the Bill of RIghts |
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| the power to declare a government action as unconstitutional |
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| Most Commmon Method of Formal Amendment |
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Proposal by 2/3 vote of both houses of Congress
Ratification by ¾ of the State legislatures |
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| changes made to the Constitution that have NOT led to changes in the document's written words |
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| Informal Amendment: Court Decisions |
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| interpret and apply the Consitution in many ways, can redefine the Constitution to thier liking; ex: Marbury v. Madison 1803 |
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| Informal Amendment: Custom |
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| differented ideas that have evolved over time; ex: Senate will approve only those presidential appointees who are accetpable to the senator or senators of the President's party from the State involved; Presidential cabinet; etc |
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| Informal Amendment: Party Practices |
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| Shape how the government will work; ex: have converted the electoral college for each State's popular vote in presidential elections; national convention; electoral college |
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| Informal Amednment: Executive Action |
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| the manner in which various Presidents have used their pwoeres; ex: document says the at only congress can declare, but makes President th ecommander-in-chief |
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| Informal Amendment: Basic Legislation |
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| passes a number of laws to spell out several of the Constitution's brief provisions; ex: Constitution deals with the matter of presidential succession, but up to a point |
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| principle that power is distributed among 3 independent branches of government |
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| the participation of both the Federal and State governments in the amendment process |
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| government action that denies a citizen fair and equal treatment under the law is this |
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| Leg Branch checks on Jud Branch |
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| creates lower coruts; impeachment; approval/rejection of appoinmnents |
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| Exec Branch checks on the Leg Branch |
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| veto; special sessions; recommend legislation; bully pulpit |
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| Jud Branch checks on Exec Branch |
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| appointed for life; judicial review |
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| Number of Formal Amendments added to Contitution |
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| the short, noteworth introduction to the Constitution |
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