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The fourth compartment (true stomach) of a ruminant (cow, deer, goat, sheep). [image] |
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Generally characterized by a short and often severe course. [image] |
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A term usually applied to microorganisms that require oxygen to live and reproduce. [image] |
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The placenta and allied membranes with which the fetus is connected. it is expelled from the uterus following parturition. [image] |
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A microorganism that normally does not require molecular oxygen to live and reproduce. [no oxygen] |
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A product of a living organism (especially a bacterium or a fungus) which, when present in very low concentrations, destorys or inhibits the growth of action of another amicroorganism. Penicillin, tertracycline, and streptomycin are antibiotics. [image] |
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A protein substance (modified type of blood-serum globulin) developed or synthesized by the lymphoid tissue of the body in responseto an antigenic stimulus. Each antigen elicits production of a specific antibody. In disease defense the animal must have had an encounter with the pathogen (antigen) before specific antibody is found in its blood. [image] |
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A high-molecular-weight substance (usually protein) which, when foreign to the bloodstream of an animal, stimulates the formation of a specific antibody and eacts specifically in vivo or in vitro with its homogous antibody. [image] |
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A substance that prevents growth and development of microorganisms either by destroying them(bacterial action) or inhibiting their growth (bacteriostatic action). [image] |
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A serum that contains an antibody or antibodies. It gives temporary protection against certain specific infectious diseases. [image] |
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Antibody formed against poisonous toxins, such as the bacterial extoxins, which specifically neutralizes (counteracts) the effects of the toxins. Diptheria antitoxin, obtained from the blood of horses infected with diptheria, is injected into a person to make him immune to diptheria or to treat him if he is already infected. [image] |
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Bee colonies,hives, and other bee equipment assembled in one location. [image] |
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The raising of plants or animals, as fish or shellfish, in or under a sea, a lake, a river, or another body of water. [image] |
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Free from living germs that cause disease, putrefaction or fermentation. [image] |
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| Examination, including dissection, of a carcass to learn the cause and nature of a disease or cause of death. Also called postmortem. |
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| Pertaining to all species of birds, including domestic fowls. |
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| A suspense of killed bacteria (vaccine) used to increase disease resistance |
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| Incapable of producing offspring, seed, fruit, or crop. |
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| Young Castrated male pig. |
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| A disorder of the ruminants usually characterized by an accumulation of gas in the rumen. |
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| A sexually mature uncastrated male pig. |
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| Regurgitated food that has been chewed and is ready to be swallowed. A large pill for dosing animals. |
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| Pertaining to the ox or cow. |
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| Animals having a common origin and characterics that distinguish them from other groups within the same species and reproduce those characteristics. |
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| Chickens (meat type) that are six to thirteen weeks of age. |
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| A male sheep(ram), goat, rabbit, deer, or antelope. |
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| A sexually mature uncastrated male. |
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| The sexually immature young of certain large mammals. |
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| Pertainin to the dog family;includes dogs, wolves, jackals and others. |
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| Male chickens that have had their reproductive organs made useless by the injection of an estrogenic hormone(stilbestrol). The testes of these animals decrease in size, and the secretion of testosterone is inhibited, which in turn results in a regression of a the secondary sex characteristics(combs,wattles, ear lobes, mating instincts and crowing. |
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| Male chickens that had their reproductive organs(testes) surgically removed. Caponized birds lose some of their male sex characteristics(the comb loses its bright red color and shrinks in size and libido is lost) |
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| To remove the testicles or ovaries. |
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| Collectively refers to mature bovine animals. In biblical times it referred to all livestock. |
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| of long duration as opposed to acute. |
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| Often used to mean to be free of, as with disease, parasites, etc; also a lay term used by cattle breeders to mean that a cow has shed her afterbirth. |
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| A male chicken less than a year old. |
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| The first milk secreted pre- and postpartum. |
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| A young horse;foul. Male horse under four years of age.(A young female horse is called a filly) |
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| A feed that is high in NFE and total digestible nutrients and low (less than 18 percent) in a crude fiber. It includes the cereal grains, soybean-oil meal, cottonseed meal, and byproducts of the milling industry, such as corn gluten and wheat bran. A concentrate maybe be either poor or rich in protein. |
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| Refers to the amount of flesh (body weight), the quality of hair coat,and the general health of the animal. |
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| The physical form of physical traits of an animal; its shap and arrangement of parts. |
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| A flock of birds:quail, partidge. |
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| A system of feeding young animals prior to weaning. It is designed to exclude mature animals. |
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| A condition in which the horse bites the manger or another object while sucking in air. |
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| A bolus of regurgitated food (common in only ruminants). |
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| The process of eliminating nonproductive or undesirable animals. |
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| Dairy Herd Improvement Association. An organization whose program is operated jointly by the USDA and the college agriculture of the land-grant universities to aid dairymen in keeping milk production and management records. |
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| The percentage of food taken into the digestive tract which is absorbed into the body as opposed to that which is evacuated as feces. |
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| Any deviation from a normal state of health which temporarily impairs vital functions of the animal. |
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| To destroy or render inert disease-producing germs (pathogens) and harmful microorganisms and destroy parasites. |
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| To cut the tail off (especially in sheep). |
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| An adult female rabbit, goat, or deer. |
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| Nonlactating female. The dry period of cows is the time between lactations (when a female is not secreting milk). |
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| A relatively small area in which cattle are confined indefinitely as opposed to being allowed to have free access to pasture. |
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| A green crop (forage) preserved by fermentation in a silo, pit, or stack, usually in the chopped form. |
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| The recurrent, restricted period of sexual receptivity (heat) in female mammals, marked by intense sexual urges. |
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| The first filial generation, or the first-generation progeny,following the parental, or p1 generation. |
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| The display of estrus by a femalewhen she is pregnant. |
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| To give birth to a litter of pigs. |
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| Excrement discharged from the bowels. |
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| A young animalthat does not have a high finish (fatness) but shows evidence of ability to add weight economically. |
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| Pertaining to animals in the wild, or untamed, state. |
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| The ability to reproduce. |
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| The unborn young of animals (usually vertebrates) which gives birth to a living offspring. |
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| Abnormally high body temperature. |
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| A young female horse. A young mare. |
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| A term commonly used to indicate the first calf born to a bovine females. |
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| The wool from all parts of the sheep. |
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| The muscle and fat covering of an animal. |
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| A group of birds or sheep; called a band in goats. |
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| Young (usually unweaned) horse or mule of either sex. |
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| Roughage of high feeding value. Grasses or legumes cute at the proper stage of maturity and stored without damage are called forage. |
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| Inflammation of the fleshy laminae within the hoof, from concussion, overfeeding, and many factors causeing and oversupply of blood to this region of the hoof. It causes great pain to the affected individual. Also called laminitis. |
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| Any bird, but more commonly refers to the larger ones. |
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| Female born twin to a bull calf. |
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| Designating a cow that has recently given birth to a calf. |
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| The term commonly applied to fattening cattle being provided as much feed as they will consume safely without going off feed. |
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