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| an episcopal religious leader who had operated a secret school for black children before the war- won election to georgia legislature. |
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| What did former slaves of the south do? |
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| left the plantations in search of better jobs, family members, or simply a taste of personal liberty. Many moved to southern towns and cities, where it seemed, "freedom was free-er." |
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| Born free in Baltimore and educated in New Hampshire, went on to serve as secretary of state of Mississippi |
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| The blacks defintion of freedom |
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| Garrison Frazier "placing us where we could reap the gruit of our own labeor, and take care of ourselves." the way to acomplish this was "to have land, and turn it and till dit by our own labor". former slaves ideas of freedom were directly related to land ownership. |
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| What did the black women do immediatly after the civil war? |
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| They withdrew from field labor and worked as house servants, they also devoted more time to their families than had been possible under slavery. |
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| The independant black church |
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| Had methodists and baptists commanding the largest followings, redrew the religious map of the south. As the major instition independent of white control, the church played a central role in the black community. A place of worship, it also housed school, scial events, and political gatherings. |
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| A nothern journalist who toured the south in 1865, was impressed by how much education also took place outside of the classroom. Many blacks would read books while they were not occupied with their work. |
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| Fisk University in Tennessee, Hampton Institute in Virginia, and Howard University in the nations capital |
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| Believed that "Slavery is not abolished until the black man has the ballot.". |
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| owned a "once prosperous" alabama home to find all was lost except his debts. |
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| an agency established by Congress in March 1865, to attempt to establish a working free labor system. |
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| Suceeded Lincoln, ordered nealry all land in federal hands returned to its former owners. Born in poverty in North carolina, moved to tennessee, he achieved success through politics. He served in the state legislature, the us convgress, and for two terms as governor of Tennessee. A foe of large planters. A strong defender of the Union. Believed that African-Americans had no role to play in Reconstruction. (very racist views) |
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| A system allowed each black family to rent a part of a plantation, with the crop divided between worker and owner at the end of the year. became more and more oppressive. |
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| Because alot of white yeomens property was destroyed, they were required to take up growing cotton and pledge a part of the crop as collateral for merchants so they could obtain supplies supplies from them. This system kept the white yeomen in debt because the interest rates were so high. |
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| Petition of committee in behalf of the freedmen to andrew johnson (1865) |
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| A document from the committe of freedmen asking johnson not to take the land that sherman had given them. Andrew however did not change his policy. |
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| Article by Elizabeth Cady Stanton on woman's suffrage (january 14, 1869) |
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| an article from Elizabeth that says that she thinks that this time of reconstruction in not just the "negro's hour" and that it is time to claim the suffrage for all men and women, as a natural, inalienable right. |
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| Laws passed by the new southern governments that attempted to regulate the lives of the former slaves. Denied blacks the rights to testify against whites, to serve on juries or in state militias, or to vote. Also declared that those who failed to sign yearly labor contracts could be arrested and hired out to white landowners. |
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| A senator from Massachusettes, a prominent radical. |
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| A lawyer and iron manufacturer who represented Pennsylvania in the house of representatives. Wanted to confiscate the land of disloyal planters and divide it among former slaves and northern migrants to the south. |
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| passed in 1866-It defined all persons born in the united states as citizens and spelled out rights they were to enjoy without regard to race.-the end of the black codes. the first major law in american history to be passed over a presidential veto. |
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| placed in the Constitution the principle of citizenship for all persons born in the united states, and which empowered the federal government to protect the rights of all Americans. |
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| A compromise between the radical and moderate positions on black suffrage |
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| The 14th amendment did not grant blacks the right to vote. But it did provide that if a state denied the vote to any group of men, that the state's representation in Congress would be reduced. |
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| What journalists called "swing around the circle" |
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| The speaking tour of the north that johnson embarked on. The fourteenth amendment was the central issue of the political campain of 1866. Johnson was trying to urge voters to elect members of congress committed to his own reconstruction program. He made wild accusations that the radicals were plotting to assassinate him. |
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| the reconstruction act of 1867 |
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| Act passed orver johnsons veto, divided the south into five military districts and called for the creation of new state governments, with black men given the right to vote. This began the period of Radical Reconstruction. |
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| The Tenure of Offfice Act (1867) |
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| Barred the president from removing certain officholders, including cabinet members, without the consent of the Senate. |
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| "Waving the bloody shirt" |
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| During the 1868 campaign Trepublicans identified their opponents with secession and treason. |
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| 1869-Prohibited the federal and state governments from denying any citizen the right to vote because of race. |
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| The former governor of New York, a democrat that ran agains Ulysses S. Grant for president after Johnson was impeached |
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| Thought that Johnsons plan of reconstruction was a bad game, they wanted to remove the governments he set in place in the south and wanted black men to be able to vote. |
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| Thought that Johnsons plan for reconstruction was flawed but were willing to work with him to modify it. They feared that neither nothern nor southern whites would accet black suffrage. |
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| Began in 1867 when congress adopted the Reconstruction Act, which temporarly divided the south into five military districts and created new state governments with black men given the right to vote. Lasted until 1877. |
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| Prohibited federal and state governments from denying any citizen the right to vote because of race. |
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| wid all da shit dat be goin on abolishin slavery, bitches be like hay why cant we be votin? So dey thought dey should be all like its our moment to claim our macipatin time! |
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| Elizabeth Cady Stanton and susan B. Anothony |
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| thought that men of other races have no more of a right to vote then they do |
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| Abby Kelley and Lucy Stone |
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| insistied that despite their limitations, the reconstruction amendments represented steps in the direction of truly universal suffrage and should be supported. |
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| Born free in North Carolina, was educated in Illinois, and served as a chaplain in the wartime Union army, in 1870 became the first black senator in american history. |
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| A former slave, was elected as senator in 1875. |
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| americas first black governor |
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| became a powerful political leader on the South Carolina Sea Islands and was elected to five terms in congress. |
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| Carpet baggers and scalawags |
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| their opponents call them this because it seemed that they had packed all their belongings in a suitcase and left their homes in order to reap the spoils of office in the South. The large majority however, were former Union soldiers who decided to remain in the south when the war ended. |
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| A group of terrorist who would dress up in bed sheets and have friendly klan kookouts. |
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| a group alienated from the grant administration, claimed that corrupt politicains had come to power in the north by manipulating the votes of immigrants and working men. |
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| an act put in place by the old congress before being taken over by the democratic party, outlawed racial discrimination in places of public accommodation like hotels and theaters. |
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