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GI Histology-Part 2
N/A
39
Anatomy
Graduate
09/30/2010

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Cards

Term
What surrounds the parotid and submandibular glands but not the sublingual glands?
Definition
connective tissue capsule
Term
The parotid gland and submandibular gland are divided into...
Definition
lobes and lobules
Term
What are the functional units of the salivary glands and exocrine pancreas?
Definition
acini
Term
What cells make up the acini of the parotid gland?
Definition
serous secretory cells (serous acini)
Term
What type(s) of acini does the submandibular gland have?
Definition
serous and mucous
Term
Besides the serous and mucous acini, what else does the submandibular gland have that other salivary glands do not?
Definition
serous demilunes
Term
Which salivary gland lacks a capsule?
Definition
sublingual
Term
What type(s) of acini does the sublingual gland have?
Definition
serous and mucous (predominantly mucous)
Term
What is the functional histological unit of the exocrine pancreas?
Definition
acinus
Term
Acinar cells in the pancreas are have a ________ located nucleus and __________ cytoplasm.
Definition
basally; basophilic
Term
Where are centroacinar cells found and what is their significance?
Definition
pancreas

beginning of the duct system
Term
What constitutes the endocrine pancreas?
Definition
islets of Langerhans
Term
What four cell types are found in the islets of Langerhans?
Definition
alpha cells
beta cells
delta cells
PP or F cells
Term
What do alpha cells in the pancreas produce?
Definition
glucagon
Term
What do beta cells in the pancreas produce?
Definition
insulin
Term
What do delta cells in the pancreas produce?
Definition
somatostatin
Term
What do PP or F cells in the pancreas produce?
Definition
pancreatic polypeptide
Term
What surrounds the liver?
Definition
Glisson's capsule
Term
What is the structural and functional unit of the liver?
Definition
hepatic lobule
Term
What makes up the hepatic lobule?
Definition
anastomosing plates of hepatocytes
sinusoids
central vein
Term
What are the blood vessels between hepatocytes called?
Definition
sinusoids
Term
What are the three functional classifications of a hepatic lobule?
Definition
classic hepatic lobule
portal lobule
acinus
Term
How is a classic hepatic lobule arranged?
Definition
central vein in the center and portal triad in the periphery
Term
How is a portal lobule arranged?
Definition
bile duct in the center
Term
What makes up the portal triad?
Definition
branches of the portal vein
hepatic artery
bile duct
Term
What is the liver acinus based on?
Definition
blood flow from the hepatic artery
Term
Zone I of the liver acinus is ________ in oxygen.
Definition
richest
Term
Zone II in a liver acinus is ________ in oxygen.
Definition
intermediate
Term
Zone III in a liver acinus is ________ in oxygen.
Definition
poorest
Term
With regard to a liver acinus, the zone furthest from the center receives the _______ oxygen and nutrients. Therefore, toxins will damage the zone ________ to the center the most.
Definition
least; closest
Term
What are examples of endocrine substances secreted by hepatocytes in the liver?
Definition
albumin, prothrombin
Term
What is an example of an exocrine substance secreted by hepatocytes in the liver?
Definition
bile
Term
Where is the space of Disse and what does it do?
Definition
in the liver; facilitates exchange between blood and the hepatocytes
Term
Where are perisinusoidal cells found and what do they do?
Definition
found in the liver; produce extracellular matrix

(usually dormant but become activated if part of liver is removed)
Term
Where are Kupffer cells found and what are they?
Definition
liver; macrophages
Term
What type of cells make up the mucosa of the gallbladder?
Definition
simple columnar epithelial cells
Term
What mucosa of the gallbladder has multiple...
Definition
folds
Term
What are found in the mucosa of the neck region of the gallbladder?
Definition
mucous secreting cells
Term
What type of muscle makes up the muscularis externa of the gallbladder?
Definition
smooth muscle
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