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General Information Chapter I
General Information for test
11
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
01/29/2011

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Term
Thin Serous Membranes line the walls of the thoracic and abdominal cavities
Definition
Term
HOMEOSTASIS
Definition

Maintenance of a STABLE internal environment

 

NEGATIVE FEEDBACK - the main mechanism of homeostasis

 

Requires most of our metabolic energy

Term
The body maintains homeostasis through homeostatic mechanisms (self-regulating control systems)
Definition

1) Receptors - provide information about specific conditions (stimuli) in the internal environment - molecule or cell.

2)  Control Center - Includes a set point - tells what a particular value should be (Body Temp. 98.6)

3)  Effectors - Such as muscles or glands, which elicit responses that alter conditions in the internal environment

4)  Response

 

Stimulus (room temp. decreases) - Receptors (thermostat detects change) - Control Center (thermostat detects deviation from set point and signals effectors) - Effectors (heater turns on and air off) - Response (room temp. returns to set point)

 

Stimulus (Body temp. drops below normal) - Receptors (Thermoreceptors send signals to control center) - Control Center (The hypothalamus detects the deviation from the set point and signals effector organs) (If body temp. continues to drop, control center signals muscles to contract voluntarily) - Effectors (skin blood vessels constrict and sweat glands remain active - muscle activity generates body heat) - Response (body heat is conserved - temp. rises toward normal)

Term
HYPOTHALAMUS
Definition
Control center for homeostasis
Term
METABOLISM
Definition
All of the chemical reactions in cells
Term
BACTERIA
Definition
Most ancient and abundant unicellular organisms
Term
ABDOMINOPELVIC CAVITY MEMBRANES
Definition

CALLED PERITONEAL MEMBRANES

 

PARIETAL PERITONEUM - Lines wall of abdominopelvic cavity

 

VISCERAL PERITONEUM - Covers most of the organs in the abdominopelvic cavity

 

PERITONEAL CAVITY - Potential space between the membranes

Term
PLEURAL MEMBRANES
Definition

PARIETAL PLEURA

VISCERAL PLEURA

 

Serous fluid between the membranes.  The potential space between is called pleural cavity.

Term
PERICARDIAL MEMBRANES
Definition

1)  Surround Heart

2)  Visceral pericardium covers heart's surface

3)  Parietal pericardium is covered by thicker layer - fibrous pericardium

 

Pericardial Cavity

Term

SEROUS MEMBRANES

 

VISCERAL MEMBRANES

 

PARIETAL MEMBRANES

 

Definition

Thin and secret watery fluid

 

Serous membranes that cover organ surfaces

 

Serous membranes that line cavities

Term
BLOOD
Definition
A complex mixture of cells and biochemicals, so it serves as a barometer of health.  Injury or illness disrupts the body's maintenance of specific levels of various biochemicals, called homeostasis
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