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fungi 4
systemic mycosis,
28
Anatomy
Kindergarten
04/27/2011

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Term
dimorphic fungi (systemic)
Definition
(type of fungi) inhalation via resp tract, only bad in immunosuprressed, T-cell response, endemic
Term
dimorphic fungi (coccoides is the exception)
Definition
itraconzaole + ampB (except 1 which adds fluconazole)
Term
dimorphic fungi (coccoides is the exception)
Definition
itraconzaole + ampB (except 1 which adds fluconazole)
Term
Coccidioides
Definition
another 35% present as mild flu-like illness with fever, chest pain, arthralgia.
Term
Coccidioides
Definition
allergic manifestations are often the first presenting symptoms of infection (erythema nodosum, erythema multiforme
Term
mould phase - coccoides
Definition
septate hyphae, white-to-tan fluffy colony, matures in 5 - 10 days. ii hyphae will fragment into barrel-shaped arthroconidia, separated by disjunctor cells. iii arthroconidia are very infectious
Term
Coccidioides - tissue phase
Definition
formation of multinucleated spherules
ii repeated internal cleavage produces endospores
iii mature spherule ruptures, released endospores develop into new spherules.
Term
coccoides
Definition
a. organism inhabits the soils found in the Lower Sonoran Life Zone.
b. prevalent in southwestern U.S. (southern California, Arizona, Nevada, New Mexico, west Texas), as well as parts of Mexico, Central and South America.
Term
coccoides
Definition
perturbations in environmental conditions (rainfall, wind, earthquakes) will affect the concentration and spread of arthroconidia in the atmosphere.
Term
coccoides
Definition
b) dark-skinned peoples susceptible to more serious disease, probably reflects genetic predisposition.
Term
coccoides
Definition
in DTH response, antibody response (IgM and IgG) not protective
Term
Histoplasma capsulatum
Definition
usually self-limiting pulmonary disease, disseminated
Term
histo - mold phase
Definition
septate hyphae, white cottony colony after 2-4 wks incubation.
ii. formation of microconidia (infectious) and tuberculated macroconidia (diagnostic).
Term
histo - tissue
Definition
small (4-6 um), oval yeasts, usually found in monocytes and macrophages of the blood, lungs and reticuloendothelial system.
Term
histo
Definition
endemic in the Mississippi river valley and parts of south-central U.S. (including east Texas); also found in parts of Mexico and Central America.
Term
Blastomyces dermatitidis
Definition
chronic infection of the skin and bones,
CNS or urogenital system.
Term
blastomyc
Definition
lesions characterized by microabscess formation, papulopustular nodules, and crusty verrucous granulomas of the hands, face and mucocutaneous areas.
Term
blasto mold
Definition
septate hyphae, white colony in 3 - 4 weeks.
ii. formation of oval microconidia.
Term
blasto tissue
Definition
large, thick-walled with broad-based bud.
Term
blastomycetes
Definition
endemic in Mississippi and Ohio river valleys, middle-eastern seaboard
Term
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
Definition
ulcerative granulomata of buccal, nasal, and occasionally the gastrointestinal
Term
paracoccoid - mold
Definition
septate hyphae, white to tan colony, growth in 2 - 4 weeks
ii. oval microconidia indistinguishable from B. dermatitidis (must observe tissue phase).
Term
paracoccoides - tissue
Definition
thin walled yeast with multiple buds arranged in a "ship's wheel" configuration; thin points of attachment of buds to mother cell.
Term
paracoccoides
Definition
ub-tropical sylvatic regions of Central and South America.
multiply-budding yeast in tissue.
Term
penicillum
Definition
Southeast Asia.
Term
Penicillium marneffei
Definition
may mimic tuberculosis, leishmaniasis or histoplasmosis
e) skin lesions reflect dissemination…may mimic molluscum contagiosum-like lesions of the face and trunk.
Term
penicillum - mold phase
Definition
filamentous hyphae with sporulating structures typical of genus. Colonies may have diffusible red pigment.
Term
penicillum - tissue
Definition
yeast-like organism that divides by fission and shows transverse septation, AIDS
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