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*"Upper Clergy"(bishops, high ranking officials) and "Lower Clergy" (Parish Priests)
*Owned 10% of land, 1% population
*Didn't pay taxes but took 10% of others income
*Only aristocrats for upper clergy
*lower clergy overworked |
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*The Nobility of Aristocrats
*Held important positions in church. army, government
*paid little taxes
*did little work
*advisers to king |
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*Pesants, city workers, farmers, and "Bougeoisie"(middle class lawyers and merchants)
*No land, income was taxed, not enough to eat
*No role in government
*Power positions by birthright |
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| The political and social system that exsisted in France before the French Revolution |
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| an assembly of representatives from all thress of the estates, or social classes, in France. |
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3rd estate goes to tennis courts and said they wouldnt leace until the government wrote a new constitution.
The natural assembly gets a constitution of their own. once this happens there isnt any estates any more but social class still exists. |
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| a french congress established by representatives of the Thrid Estate enact laws and reforms in the name of the French people. |
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| French congress with the power to create laws and approve declarations of war, established by the Constitution of 1791. |
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| Declaration of the Rights of Man |
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| a statement of revolutionary ideals adopted by France's National Assembly in 1789. it says that "men are born and remain free and equal in rights". |
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*Crowds of angry Prisians look for storehouses of weapons and gunpowder to protect themselves from royal soldiers.
*They break into tha bastille and get gun powder for their weapons.
*Riots against king and queen start up |
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*a wave of panic that spread through the French countryside after the storming of the bastille.
*peasants burned manor houses, burned legal papers that made them pay taxes and rioted
*Nobles got scared of what might happen next
*National Assembly suppots peasant uprisings and decree abolishes feudalism |
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*fat
*unprepared to be king
*married to marie antoinette
*to the right/conservatives on the political spectrum because it supported monarchies |
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*given name- madam deficit
*selfish, extravegent spender even when there was a food shortage
*from Austria
*not popular
*married to King Louis |
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*leader of the Committee of Public Safety.
*decided who should be enemies of the republic
*governed France as a dictator and his rule became known as the Reign of Terror
*On the left/radicals of the political spectrum because he wwent against everything monarchies stood for(religion) |
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| the machine for beheading people. |
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| *center/moderates on political spectrum because he was a clergy man sympathetic to the 3rd estate |
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| Committee of Public Safety |
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| a committee established to identify "enemies of the republic" by robspierre |
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| radicals(opposed king and monarchy) moderates(wanted some changes but not as many as radicals)and conservatives(upheld the idea of a limited monarchy and wanted few gov't changes) |
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| *left/radical side of political spectrum because he wanted to remove the king and establish a republic |
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| the period when robspierre ruled France nearly as a dictator and thousands of political figures and ordinary citizens were executed. |
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*a women who wanted equal rights
* left/radical side of political spectrum because she was a women who wanted her equal rights |
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*people who leave their native country for political reasons, like the nobles and others who fled Frnace during the peasant uprisings of the french revolution.
*on right/conservative side of political spectrum because they were nobles and liked their ranking |
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*on left/radicals of political spectrum because they watned a change because they were poorer and thought monarchy was unjust.
* wore regular trousers |
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| Enlightenment/age of reason |
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| movement in which thinkers attempted to apply the principles of reason and the scientific method to all aspects of society. |
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*made equal taxation
*stable economy
*religious tolorance
*ruler that brought order after the revolution |
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| Napoleons policy of preventing trade between Great Britain and continental Europe,intended to destroy Great Britain's economy. |
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| a conflict in which spanish rebels with the aid of British forces, founght to drive Napoleon's French troops out of spain |
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| a naval battle in which Napoleon's forces were defeated by a British fleet under the command of Horatio Nelson. |
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| a member of a loosely organized fighting force that makes surprise attacts on enemy troops occupying his or her country |
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| the use of troops or ships to prevent commercial traffic from entering or leaving a city or region |
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| a sudden seizure of political power in a nation"blow of state" |
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| a formal agreement-especially one between the pope and a government, dealing with the control of church affairs |
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| a comprehensive and uniform system of laws established for France by Napoleon |
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| a village where the british army led by the Duke of wellington prepared for battle |
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| a series of meetings during which the European leaders sought to establish long-lasting peace and security after the defeat of Napoleon |
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| a series of alliances among European nations in the 19th century, devised by Prince Klemens con Metternich to prevent the outbreak of revolutions |
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| a government-run public school in france |
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| a political situation in which no nation is powerful enough to pose a threat to others |
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*influenced european politics.
*distrusted the democratic ideals of the french revolution
*wanted a balance of power and a monarchy |
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| a league of European nations formed by the leaders of Russia, Austria, and Prussia after the Congress of Vienna |
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| How did the Enlightenment and the American Revolution impact the French Revolution? |
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| What were the causes of the French Revolution? What political, economic, social, and intellectual conditions contributed to the Revolution? |
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| What was the Reign of Terror and how did it affect the course and direction of the French Revolution? |
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| Place major figures on the political spectrum (radical, liberal, center, conservative, reactionary) and explain why. |
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| What changes and reforms were implemented during the Napoleon's reign? |
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| How and why did Napoleon try to create an empire in Europe? |
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| What were the goals and consequences of the Congress of Vienna? |
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| Was the French Revolution a success? |
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The Principles of the American Revolution are similar in many ways. Which of the following best summarizes their similarities?
a. both favored representative governments
b. both limited voting rights to an economic elite
c. both retained certain |
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| a. both favored representative governments |
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Which statement is a valid generalization about the immediate results of the French Revolution of 1789?
a. the Roman Catholic Church increased its power and wealth
b. the revolution achieved its goal of establishing peace, democracy, and justice for |
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| d. The French middle class gained more power |
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A study of revolutions would most likely lead to the conclusion that pre-Revolutionary governments
a. are more concerned about human rights than the governments that replace them
b. refuse to modernize their armed forces with advanced technology |
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| d. fail to meet the political and economic needs of their people |
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The French people supported Napoleon Bonaparte because they hoped he would
a. adopt the ideas of the Protestant Reformation
b. restore Louis XVI to power
c. provide stablility for the nation
d. end British control of France |
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| c. provide stablility for the nation |
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| was the french revolution a sucess? |
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The revolution included the Fall of the Bastille, National Assembly,and Declaration of the rights of Man and a new constitution.
Long term causes:
*Enlightenment ideas-liberty and equality
*Example furnished by the American Revolution
*Social and economic injustices of the Old Regime
Immedeiate Causes:
*Econoic crisis-famine and government debt
*weak leadership
*discontent of the Third estate
Immidiate Effects:
*End of the Old Regime
*Execution of the monarchs
*war with the First Coalition
*Reign of Terror
*Rise of Napoleon
Long Term Effects:
*Conservative reaction
*Decline in French power
*Spread of Enlightenment ideas
*Growth of nationalism
*Rise of international organizations (Congress of Vienna)
*Revolutions in Latin America |
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