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Foundations and Classical Civilization Unit
Key Terms for Vocab Quiz and Periodization dates
26
History
10th Grade
08/27/2012

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Term
Neolithic Revolution (Agricultural Revolution)
Definition
the succession of technological innovations and changes in human organization that led to the development of agriculture (8500 BCE-3500 BCE)
Term
Slash and Burn
Definition
system of cultivation typical of shifting cultivators; forest floors cleared by fire are then planted
Term
Civilization
Definition
societies distinguished by reliance on sedentary agriculture, ability to produce food surpluses, and existence of nonfarming elites, as well as merchant and manufacturing groups
Term
Caste System
Definition
social structure where the classes are determined by heredity
Term
Hellenistic Period
Definition
culture associated witht he spread of Greek influence as a result of Macedonian conquests; often seen as the combination of Greek culture with eastern political forms
Term
Animism
Definition
religious outlook that sees gods in many aspects of nature and propitiates them to help control and explain nature; typical of Mesopotamian regions
Term
Patriarchal
Definition
relating to or characteristic of a system of society or government controlled by men
Term
Pastoralism
Definition
branch of agriculture concerned with the raising of cattle
Term
Oligarchy
Definition
small group of people having control of a country organization or instituion
Term
Republic
Definition
a state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president
Term
Hunter-Gatherer Society (Hunter-Forager)
Definition
society where the people's main food source comes from hunting; most commonly nomads
Term
Cunieform
Definition
form of writing developed by the Sumerians using a wedge-shaped stylus and clay tablets
Term
Hierarchy
Definition
system of organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority
Term
Sanskrit
Definition
sacred and classical Indian language
Term
Prehistory
Definition
period of time before written language
Term
Specialization
Definition
pursuing a particular line of work, study, or activity
Term
Venerate (veneration)
Definition
regard with great respect; revere
Term
Aristocracy
Definition
highest class in certain societies, especially those holding hereditary titles or offices
Term
Democracy
Definition
system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives
Term
Cultural Diffusion
Definition
spreading of a cultural trait from one society to another
Term
Foundations
Definition
c. 8000 BCE-600 BCE
Term
Classical
Definition
600 BCE-600 CE
Term
Postclassical
Definition
600 CE-1450
Term
Early Modern
Definition
1450-1750
Term
Late Modern
Definition
1750-1914
Term
Contemporary
Definition
1914-present
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