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Flash cards from chapter 6
Anatomy
25
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
02/27/2014

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Term
Axial skeleton 
Definition
Bones of the skull, Thorax and vertebral column.
Term
Appendicular skeleton
Definition
Bones of the limbs and girdles that attach them to the axial skeleton.
Term
Flat bones
Definition
Thin roughly parrelle surfaces
Term
Sutural bones 
Definition
irregular bones formed between cranial bones.
Term
Short bones
Definition
Small and boxy
Term
Articular cartilage
Definition
covers portions of
epiphysis that form
articulations.
Term
Metaphyseal artery/vein
Definition
Carry blood to/from
metaphysis
Term
Periosteum
Definition
Lymphatic vessels collect lymph from bone and osteons
Term
Osteocytes
Definition
Dissolve matrix to release
minerals
Term
Osteoblasts 
Definition
Produce new bony matrix 
Term
Osteoprogenitor cells 
Definition
Important in fracture repair
Term
Collagen fibers 
Definition
account for ~1/3 bone weight
Term
Canaliculi
Definition
connect lacunae with each other and central canal
Term
Interstitial lamella
Definition
Fill spaces between osteons
Term
Spongy bone
Definition
Located where bones not
heavily stressed or in many
directions
Term
Appositional bone growth
Definition
Increases bone diameter of existing bones
Term
Periosteum
Definition
Route for blood and nervous supply
Term
spicules
Definition
bone that grows out in small struts
Term
Achondroplasia
Definition
Epiphyseal cartilage grows unusually slowly
Term
Marfan syndrome
Definition
Excessive cartilage
formation at epiphyseal
cartilage
Term
Gigantism
Definition
Overproduction of
growth hormone before
puberty
Term
Acromegaly
Definition
Growth hormone levels rise after epiphyseal plates close, bones grow thicker.
Term
calcium
Definition
Most abundant mineral in the body, 99% deposited in the skeleton.
Term
Fracture
Definition
Crack or break due to extreme mechanical stress. Most heal as long as blood supply and cellular parts of periosteum and endiosteum survive.
Term
Greenstick Fracture
Definition
One side of shaft broken, one side bent. Generally occurs in children.
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