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| Grafting- accepting money in exchange for political favors. politicians would do this with business owners. |
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| civil service reform- Pendleton Act |
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| this act gave president authority to appoint a 3 member bi-partisan civil service commission which would give open exams for classified jobs |
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| division in republican party over civil service reform |
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| the split was because of the election of 1876 in which rutherford b. hayes defeated samuel tilden |
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| democrats- supported cleveland |
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| represented by Roscoe Conkling. they opposed reform and civil service |
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| represented by James Blaine and JOhn Sherman. they agreed with president about civil service |
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| Sec of State- Ben Bristow discovered 90% of liquor tax wasnt collected. Group of distillers and public officials were defrauding government |
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| Sec of Treasury- William Richardson offers JOhn Sanborn permission to collect overdue federal taxes and that he can keep half of what he collects. |
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| Gov paid generously to create trans continental RR. Gov officials created the UNion pacific RR company and Central Pacific RR company. they basically sent bills to the government for the RR that were supposed to be built but they kept them money and didnt build. |
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| Sec of war William Belknap took $24,500 in bribes over trading rights in Oklahoma |
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| Controlled NYC through Tammany Hall. mayor. gained power through immigrants. offered food and shelter for their votes. "vote for tweed early and often". stole $100 million from NYC in 3 years. |
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| german american editorial cartoonist who is said to be the father of american cartoons |
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| patronage was used by Boss Tweed to help gain support during his campaigns. it basically was like offering support and help |
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| homestead act was an act that gave poeple 160 acres of free land outside the original 13 colonies just for moving there. it was an attempt to try and spread out the population |
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| Before, cowboys had free use of the whole wild land to use to graze cattle, but then railroads, mining, etc took over and caused for more settlement which deeply limited the cowboys and the grazing |
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| Native Americans at this time were determined to defend their homeland which they have lived on for a long time. the whites had discovered that it was extremely rich land and tried to push the indians off of it |
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| the dawes act was an act which abolished tribes and gave each head indian male 160 acres to farm and try to Americanize. it failed though because the indians had no farming equipment, they werent taught and they had poor land and health. |
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| the dawes act was an act which abolished tribes and gave each head indian male 160 acres to farm and try to Americanize. it failed though because the indians had no farming equipment, they werent taught and they had poor land and health. |
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| the whites discovered that the black hills contained much gold, but it was a sacred indian holy land. it would lead to the treaty with Sioux and later the battle of little bighorn |
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| the whites discovered that the black hills contained much gold, but it was a sacred indian holy land. it would lead to the treaty with Sioux and later the battle of little bighorn |
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| wanted increased circulation of money. unlimited minting of sliver. progressive income tax. government ownership of communication and transportation. |
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| After civil war prices for goods and services fell(deflation). the farmers recieved ;ess money for their crops. |
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| After civil war prices for goods and services fell(deflation). the farmers recieved ;ess money for their crops. |
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| McCormack-overproduction-new technology |
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| with the invention of farmer tools and motorized equipment, less and less farmers were being needed |
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| was becuse of the new tools and inventions being made for farming. they were able to now mass produce things and goods at a lower price |
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| was by Bryan at the democratic convention. he traveled 18000 miles and gave the speech 600 times. it was a speech that tried to speak out against an economy and money system that is based solely on gold. |
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| Democrat who first ran in the election of 1896 against Mckinley and lost. he is famous for his Cross of Gold speech |
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| Mark Hanna was the Republican Boss of Cleveland. he was very succesful as a business man and was a great organizer. he raised $3.5 million from oil, meat packing, and railroad companies. he hired speakers and printed literature for the campaign. |
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| 12 hour work day, no vacatoins, 6 day weeks, bi suck days $3-$12 a week |
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| April 5 1911 building set on fire led to death of 146 women. |
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| contract given to employees that stated that the worker wouldnt belong to a union |
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| shorter work days, safe working conditions, less immigrants |
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| included all american workers regardless of gender or race. favored 8 hr workdays. influenced congress to pass the chinese exclusion act . |
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| AFL- AMerican Federation of Labor |
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| was a group interested in less political activites. fought for high wages , shorter hours, better conditions. Founded by Samuel Gompers |
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| created by Eugene V Debs in 1893. all railroad workers could join |
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| first person to organize an industrial labor union |
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| International workers of the World(wobblies)- very radical union |
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| 1905- radical unionists and socialists . headed by william "big bill" hayward. was mostly miners, lumberjacks, other western industries. |
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| head of the Indutstial workers of the world |
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| was a tailor, knights of labor |
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| takes control of Knights of Labor in 1879. was a mechanic. he increased the membership of the Knights of labor from 28000 to 700000 |
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| May 3rd 1886. strikeres and strike breakers fight at mccormick reaper factory. police killed 4 workers. |
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| an official ruling that a certain group of workers could not go on strike |
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| when workers refrain from working because of unfair pay or unjust treatment |
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| peoeple that work regardless of a strike |
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| rent-a-cop, strike breakers |
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