Shared Flashcard Set

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Final
Anatomy and Physiology
54
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
05/01/2012

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
The tonsils and adenoids intercept _____ invading via the upper respiratory tract
Definition
antigens
Term
T lymphocytes that produce lymphokines and assist other lymphocytes and phagocytes in performing their functions
Definition
Helper T cells
Term
Approximately ___ of total lymphocytes are B lymphocytes
Definition
20%
Term
the numerous type of antibodies
Definition
IgM
Term
The release of histamine into the blood vessels results in _____,________,and______
Definition
localized heat, redness and swelling
Term
The AIDS epidemic is greatest in _______
Definition
sub-Saharan Africa
Term
In the United States, you are least likely to contract HIV through _____
Definition
A blood transfusion
Term
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blot and Coulter HIV-p24 Antigen Assay are      
Definition
tests used to diagnose HIV infection
Term
Benign tumors are ___
Definition
slow growing
Term
Chondrosarcoma is a malignant
Definition
tumor of cartilage
Term
The T in the TNM system refers to size or extent of
Definition
local spread of the primary tumor
Term
Exposure to the chemical carcinogen benzene has been linked to
Definition
leukemia
Term
Human papilloma virus is found in at least ____ of cases of cervical cancer.
Definition
70%
Term
Shark cartilage, megadoses of vitamins and herbal supplements are examples of
Definition
alternative therapies for cancer patients
Term
The first FDA-approved cancer vaccine occurred in 2010 with Sipuleucel-T (Provenge®) for
Definition
prostate cancer
Term
Low-grade fever, forgetfulness, irritability, confusion and unexplainable muscle weakness or pain are symptoms of .
Definition
chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)
Term
The canines or cuspids are pointed to
Definition
puncture and tear
Term
Carbohydrates are digested before
Definition
proteins, fats or fibers.
Term
The liver secretes over ____ of bile a day.
Definition
a pint
Term
The ____ processes proteins from amino acids, receives blood for its own support and preservation from the portal vein and renders many toxins harmless.
Definition
liver
Term
The rectum serves as a
Definition
collecting area for the remains of digestion
Term
When a ____ is performed it is possible to obtain tissue samples through the scope
Definition
colonoscopy
Term
The American Cancer Society recommends a colonoscopy every ___, beginning at age ___.
Definition
10 years, 50
Term
An upper GI series requires the patient to ingest
Definition
barium
Term
The only effective treatment for appendicitis is
Definition
surgical removal
Term
Crohn’s disease is most common in the
Definition
terminal ileum
Term
Bulging pouches in the wall of the GI tract where the lining has pushed into the surrounding muscle is characteristic of
Definition
diverticulosis.
Term
A crack or tear in the lining of the anus is called a(n) .
Definition
anal fissure
Term
Fever, abdominal cramping and vomiting are symptoms of
Definition
gastroenteritis.
Term
 an inflammation and infection of the liver.
Definition
Hepatitis
Term
Patients with ______ commonly have stools that are small and contain mucus.
Definition
irritable bowel syndrome
Term
Paralytic ileus usually occurs in the
Definition
small intestines
Term
____ is characterized by overgrowth of cartilaginous and connective tissue.
Definition
Acromegaly
Term
The hormone oxytocin stimulates contractions during .
Definition
childbirth
Term
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)is a
Definition
gonadotropic hormone.
Term
The thyroid gland located near the
Definition
larynx
Term
Patients with hyperthyroidism commonly experience .
Definition
irritability
Term
Tetany is treated by the addition of
Definition
calcium
Term
The adrenal glands sit atop the
Definition
kidneys
Term
The principal hormone of the adrenal medulla is
Definition
adrenaline
Term
The majority of the islets of Langerhans cells are
Definition
beta cells.
Term
The hormone testosterone is responsible for the development of the .
Definition
primary male sexual characteristics
Term
A blood sugar test is performed to assess the function of the
Definition
pancreas
Term
The hormone prolactin is responsible for developing breast tissue and stimulating the secretion of milk from the
Definition
mammary glands.
Term
The hormone parahthormone regulates the exchange of calcium between the bones and blood and increases
Definition
blood calcium
Term
The radioactive iodine uptake test is a test of the
Definition
thyroid gland
Term
The most common cause of ______ is autoimmune destruction of the cells producing the hormone.
Definition
adrenal insufficiency
Term
When the blood sugar level falls too low, the hormone glucagon is released, causing the liver to release
Definition
stored glycogen into the blood
Term
Vomiting, pregnancy and exercise influence the amount of _____ a diabetic patient needs
Definition
insulin
Term
 an endocrine condition associated with too little thyroid hormone
Definition
Myxedema
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