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| 1807- Stopped all American export and forbade American ships from entering foriegn ports. Passed by Jefferson. |
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1798 - America gained power to expel aliens.
Sedition Act - frobade publishing anything bad about the president.
Signed by Adams |
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| 2nd US President. Was a federalist. |
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| Marbury was promised a supreme court seat during Adams' administration, but never received it. Had a trial against Madison in Supreme Court; lost on grounds that law giving sat to Marbury was unconstitutional (Marshall Law). |
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| 1787: Western territories were allowed lmited self government; could draft a constitution and become a state with a population of 60k. Slavery Illegal. |
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| Union general in Civil War. Became President. Scandals: surplusses stolen, Sec. of War accepting bribes, Grant accepting bribes. |
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| Officers under Grant who carried out scorched earth tactic. |
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| Confederate general. Surrendered in Virginia. |
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| Amnesty granted to anyone who would pledge loyalty to union; military occupation of the south; civillians can't be tried in military courts. |
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| First 10 amendments of constitution. Added to protect the rights of the people. |
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1) penalized southern states that prevented blacks from voting
2) stopped former confederate leaders from serving in government
3) forbid fed. gov't from paying confederate debt
4) insured payment of debts owed to fed. gov't |
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1) replaced sect. 2 of 14th amendment; did not let black votes be left up to the state
2) congress could enforce amendment |
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| Allowed California to join the union as a free state, Utah and New Mexico could vote on whether to be free or slave, slave trade was banned in DC, and fed. marshalls had to help capture fugitive slaves. |
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| Missouri was admitted as a slave state; Maine broke off of Mass. as a free state. Slavery not allowed north of 36 30 lattitude line. |
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| 1854: divided Nebraska into Kansas and Nebraska, allowing citizens of territories to vote to be slave or free. Repealed the no slavery north of the line passed in Missouri Compromise. |
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| The belief that the federal government should have power over the state governments. |
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| Committees of Correspondence |
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| Set up to spread ideas about independence throughout the colonies. Made north and south more united. |
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| 1765: Required all official documents in the colonies to be stamped to show that a debt had been paid. The money was used to keep troops in the colonies. |
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| Regulate trade outside the colonies. Colonists thought Britain had a right to tax this way. |
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| A tax on internally affairs within the colonies. Colonies thought that Britain had no right to tax this way. |
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| Colonists dressed as natives through British tea into Boston Harbor to protest the British giving a monopoly on tea to one company. In response, the British closed the harbor until the tea was paid for. |
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| Reserved land east of the Appalachians for natives. This prevented the need for Britain to send in troops to stop fighting between natives and colonists over land. |
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| The United States believed that anyone who wanted to should be allowed to trade with China. This was in response the the spheres of influence being established in China. The US was ignored. |
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| A form of imperialism where foriegn power gains exclusive economic rights within another country. |
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| Comodore in the US Navy who opened Japan to the West. |
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| Document passed by President Monroe that forbids any European colonies in North America. |
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| T. Roosevelt's addition to the Monroe Doctrine that gave the US the right to police the Western Hemisphere. |
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| T. Roosevelt's addition to the Monroe Doctrine that gave the US the right to police the Western Hemisphere. |
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| Town in Belgium where Napoleon I fought his last battle. He was later exiled. |
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| The French legislature that had not done anything for years. It was called in 1788 to try and avoid revolution. 1st Estate: clergy; 2nd estate: nobles; 3rd estate: everyone else. |
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| The third estate of the Estates General called themselves this and claimed to represent all of France. |
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| Declaration of the Rights of Man |
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| The French version of the Declaration of Independence. Said all males were equal before law, all Frenchmen had equal right to public office, and that taxes should be levied for people who can't pay them. "Liberty, Equality, Franternity." |
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| Powerful industrial and banking firms formed in Japan. |
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| The old warriors in Japan. Were unhappy because they were no longer fighters and lacked money. |
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| The rulers of Japan during the Tokugawa period. Agreed to foriegn treaties to avoid fighting with the powerful Westerners. |
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| Period where 40,000 people were executed. Robespierre headed the bloodshed, but was beheaded himself when other officials thought he would go after them. |
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| A revolutionary leader who opposed the terror. Was executed. |
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| Headed the Committee of Public Safety and the Terror in France. Was executed when other officials feared that he would go after them. |
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| Queen of France who told said "Let them eat brioche" when she was told the people couldn't afford bread. Was executed. |
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| The fortress in Paris that was demolished when the people thought troops would occupy Paris. July 14th is now Bastille Day. |
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| When a stronger country exerts influence over a weaker one. Forms are direct, indirect, colonies, spheres of influence, and protectorates. |
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| The belief that there is survival of the fittest and one superior race. A common justification of colonialism and slavery. |
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| Invented the bessemer process for refining iron into steel. |
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| Scientist who made the first electric dynamo. |
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| Invented dynamite, and used the money in his will for the Nobel peace prize. |
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| Where people wanted to ban alcohol. |
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| Inherited a steel business from his father. Created a huge business that produced steel and goods. |
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| When Prussia built up a powerful military. It was able to crush and unite the other German states. It eventually became Germany. |
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| People who wanted to abolish all forms of government (Italy). |
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| French impressionist. Characterized by brushstrokes of different colors that never blend. |
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| A method of production where different work is done on a product at different stations. More effective than having one person make the entire good at a time. |
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| The Young Italy movement started by Mazzini. The goal was to construct one free, independent, Italian republic. |
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| Frankfurt Assembly called for a united German state and wanted Frederick William IV of Prussia to rule it. He would not accept a title from the people. |
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| Chancelor of Prussia. He built up the military. Prussia then took over many German states. Finally, he caused a war with France which made the people like the idea of a unified Germany. |
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| Started Young Italy nationalists movement. Thought that one Itallian nation made sense because of common geography, language, culture, and heritage. |
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| Took over Sicily, whcih made Cavour nervous that he would set up his own republic in the south, but Garibaldi turned the land over the Victor Emmanuel. |
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| Prime Minister of Sardinia, appointed by Victor Emmanuel. Had Sardinia fight in Crimean war, which got attention and a treaty with France, which helped Sardinia to gain Lombardy.Then gained Rome from France pulling out of Italy and Sicily from Garibaldi, resulting in one Italy. |
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| Garibaldi's volunteer army that claimed Sicily. |
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| Became ruler of a united Germany after the victory over France. |
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| Made Bismarck resign. Had social services and public schools. |
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| The name of the united Germany. It considered the Holy Roman Empire to be the first Reich. |
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| An economic union created by Prussia that removed many tarriffs between German states. |
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| Chemicals that sterilize and kill germs. Invented by Lister. |
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| Disraeli and the conservatives helped to pass this which gave the vote to many working class men, almost doubling the electorate. |
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| Was elected President of France but then gained so much power that he was able to become emperor. Censored rightings and limited voting, but had many social programs. Lost power when he tried to extend France's influence. Lost a war to Prussia. |
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| Government after Napoleon III. Had a two house elected legislature which was elected by all men in France. It then in turn elected a President. Small coalitions formed in the republic, and 50 coalition governments rose and fell. |
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| Came up with the idea of communism. The downtrodden proletariate would rise up and create a perfect world where everyone shared. |
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| Gave women the right to vote. |
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| Mobs in Russia that will kill Jews and other minorites. Caused massive emigration. |
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| The legislature established by Tsar Nicholas in the 1905 October manifesto. No law was supposed to go into affect with its approval, Nicholos dissolved the duma quickly. There was lots of violence and problems, even after the duma started meeting again. |
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| Policy of realistic politics based on the needs of the state. Policies practiced by Cavour and Bismarck. |
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| System where peasants were bound to land and forced to work. Russian nobles so no reason to modernize or industrialize, so the system went on during the modern era. Nicholas I tried to end it but couldn't. Alexander II did end it. |
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| Thomas Jefferson's administration bought the Louissiana territory from France for 14 Million dollars. |
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| Polk's administration annexed Texas with Congress' approval in 1845. |
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| The United States annexed Texas in 1845, after it had broken off of Mexico. |
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| "Seward's Folly": bought Alaska from Russia in 1867 for $ 7.2 million. |
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| The belief that the US had a god given right to go from the Atlantic to the Pacific. |
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| Jewish officer in French army. Accused of spying for Germany; was stripped of his rank and exiled. He was later proved innocent. |
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| Militarism, nationalism, alliances, imperialism (MAIN). |
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