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Final Exam Study Guide
All of the Test questions/answers
231
History
Undergraduate 2
12/04/2012
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Term

The Renaissance begain in 

 

 Definition

Italy
Term

The phrase l'uomo universale means that one should

 

 Definition
Be capable of achievments in many areas
Term
This Renaissance woman defended the right of women to pursue scholaraly pursuits
 Definition
Laura Cerata
Term
An italian intellectual who hunted down ancient manuscripts and emphasized classical latin was
 Definition
Petrarch
Term

The ideal of early fifteenth-century Humanists was to 

 

 Definition
Serve the state
Term

The principles of Early Renaissance art

 

 Definition
Were demonstrated in the frescoes of Masaccio, which employed the laws of perspective and a more realistic relationship between figures and landscape 
Term
Renaissance artists
 Definition
Focused on a realistic portrayal of human beings and nature
Term

The architect Filippo Brunelleschi was inspired by 

 

 Definition
Roman shirts
Term

The divine beauty of the ceiling figures in the Sistine chapel are a reflection of the Neoplatonism of

 

 Definition
Michelangelo
Term

The artist who painted the Sistine chapel and who sculpted the statue of David was

 

 Definition
Michelangelo
Term

Which area failed to establish a centralized territorial state by the end of the fifteenth century

 

 Definition
Italy
Term

The italian city states such as venice and florence could best be described as

 

 Definition
Merchant oligarchies
Term

France's Louis XI was known as the 

 

 Definition
Spider
Term
The English King was most responsible for creating a strong monarchial government was
 Definition
Henry VII
Term
All of the following are correct about the HOly Roman empire in the fifteenth century except
 Definition
It was a strong centralized territorial state
Term

All of the following were true of the political recovery of the fifteenth century in Europe except

 

 Definition
Centralized monarchies gained strength in germanic central europe
Term

Western historians customarily regard this as the crucial point in opening the trade routes to the East

 

 Definition
The voyages of Vasco De Gama
Term
By the early 1400s, a growing percentage of the Asian spice trade was being transported
 Definition
In muslim ships 
Term

The major impetus for the spread of Islam in Southeast asia came in the early fifteenth century with the establishment of this sultanate

 

 Definition
Malacca
Term
One of the earliest West African states to become Muslim was
 Definition
Mali
Term
By the twelfth century, a great center of islamic learning in West Africa was
 Definition
Timbuktu
Term
Europeans embarked on expansionish voyages for all of the following except
 Definition
Fear that islam would occupy the rest of the world if Christendom did not
Term
Prince Henry 
 Definition
Established a school for navigators in Portugal in 1419
Term
An influential cargo brought back to Portugal from the West African coastal voyages 
 Definition
Slaves
Term
The cape of good hope was rounded in 1487 by
 Definition
Bartolomeu Dias
Term
The portuguese leaders who first landed at Calicut and seized the port of Malacca were, respectively
 Definition
Vasco Da Gama and Alfonso de Albuquerque
Term
All of the following were true of the Portugeuse foray into overseas trade except that they
 Definition
Employed the standard methods of peaceful competition that existed before they venture into those new foreign regions
Term
The treaty of Tordesillas
 Definition
Divided the new areas discovered by Europeans between Spain and Portugal
Term
Under the encomiendo system, New world native were
 Definition
Supposed to be protected by the Spanish
Term

The Dutch and the Portuguese

 

 Definition
Were bitter trade rivals in Souteast Asia until the Dutch won out
Term
Developments that helped Europeans expand their influence on the oceans included all except
 Definition
The construction of gigantic ships, even larger than those employed by the Ming's Zhenghe
Term
The spanish base of operations in southeast asia was established in 
 Definition
The philippines
Term
Which of the following products attracted the greatest European interest in southeast Asia in the period between 1500 and 1800
 Definition
Pepper and other spices
Term
The writer who best gave expression to the sixteenth-century preoccupation with political power was
 Definition
Niccolo Machiavelli
Term
Among the complaints of Religious European around 1500 was 
 Definition
The belief that the clergy were too interest in financial matters and uninterested in religious
Term
Which of the following was not a position taken by Martin Luther
 Definition
the acts of good work are the sole source of salvation
Term
Luther's reforms included all of the following except
 Definition
Clerical celibacy
Term
As a result of the 1555 peace of augsburg
 Definition
Lutheranism became established as an alternative to roman catholicism in the germanies
Term
The Institutes of the Christian Religion, a masterful synthesis of Protestant thought was written by
 Definition
John Calvin
Term
The city most associated with Calvin is 
 Definition
Geneva
Term
John Calvin
 Definition
Advanced the doctrice of predestination
Term
An important reason why Henry VII broke with the roman church was because
 Definition
He could not get Rom's permission to divorce his wife, Catherine of Aragon
Term
After Henry VIII's marriage to Catherine of Aragon was annulled by the Archbishop of Canterbury
 Definition
Parliament finalized England's religous break with Rome by passing the Act of Supremacy, making Henry the head of the Anglican Church
Term
After the death of Henry VIII, England
 Definition
Became more Protestant under Edward VI
Term
Which of the following is not an accurate reference to Anabaptist ideas and practices
 Definition
They saw government as a direct partner with religion in society
Term
Which of the following are correct statements about life in Protestant Europe in the 1500s and 1600s
 Definition
Ministers were allowed to get married and have families
Term
All of the follwoing statements are correct except
 Definition
Love was the major reason for marriage
Term
Which of the following woul not characterize the Jesuit order
 Definition
It arranged a theological compromise with the Protestants
Term
The pope who began the reformation of the papacy was 
 Definition
Paul III
Term

The Council of Trent took the position that 

 

 Definition
Faith and good works were required for salvation
Term
The Edict of Nantes 
 Definition
Legitimized Calvanist worship and permitted calvinists to engage in politics in France
Term
The "most Catholic King" and the ruler who sparked a civil war in the Netherlands was
 Definition
Phillip II
Term
Queen Elizabeth I
 Definition
Successfully survived the Spanish Armada
Term
Among the major elements underlying the social crises of the 1600s was
 Definition
That the Meditteranean area entered a steep economic decline as silver imports from spanish colonists declined
Term
All of the following were true about the witchcraft craze in the 16th and 17th centuries except
 Definition
It was exclusively a big-city phenomenom
Term

Advocates of "merchantilism" argued for all of the following except

 

 Definition
Government's should abstain from any involvement in the economy
Term
The Thirty Years War:
 Definition
Was ended by the signing of the Peace of Westphalia
Term

**ASK**

The Eruopean ruler who developed the first standing army of conscripts, notable for the flexibility of its tactics, was

 Definition
Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden
Term
The traditional example of 17th century absolutism has been the rule of
 Definition
Louis XIV
Term
All of the following aided in the development of French Absolutism except
 Definition
The King's ability to rule directly over the internal administration of the kingdom
Term
The legacy Louis XIV left to France was
 Definition
A nation that was financially destitute and surrounded by enemies
Term
After the Turks were defeated in 1687, all of Hungary, Transylvania, Croatia, and Slovenia came under Habsburg rule, thus establishing in southeastern Europ the 
 Definition
Austrian Empire
Term
The first Russian ruler who took the title of tsar, who expanded the territories of Russia to the east, and who crushed the power of the nobility was
 Definition
Ivan IV
Term
All of the following were policies of Peter the Great except
 Definition
Isolating Russia from the ways and customs of western Europe
Term
James I alienated England's Parliament because of his advocacy of 
 Definition
Divine right of kings
Term
Puritans were all of the following except 
 Definition
They admired the Catholic elements in the church of England
Term
The only military genius of the English Civil War was
 Definition
Oliver Cromwell
Term
In England, during the period of the 1640s to 1660, all of the following occurred except
 Definition
After the death of Charles I, Cromwell became the new king of England
Term
The spark that began the Glorious Revolution was the 
 Definition
Birth of son to James II
Term
As a result of the glorious Revolution in England,
 Definition
Parliament became a major participant in the running of the English Government
Term
The Broque painting sytle was especially evident in the works of 
 Definition
Peter Paul Rubens
Term
The greatest figure of the Baroque was the architect and sculptor 
 Definition
Bernini
Term
Baroque artists sought to harmonize the
 Definition
Ideals of Renaissance art with spiritual feeling of the religious reformation
Term
The golden age of English literature is represented by
 Definition
Shakespeare
Term
It is accurate to state that the
 Definition
Ottomon Turks gained control of much of the Balkans before they took Constantinople
Term
All of the following statements about the Ottomoan expansion are true except
 Definition
After the Kurdish seizure of Constantinople in 1521, Ottoman support of the new kurdish ruler gave them greater control over Asia Minor
Term
Before the Turkish capture of Constantinople
 Definition
Murad I defeated the serbs at the Battle of Kosovo
Term
At the 1389 Battle of Kosovo
 Definition
Murad's Janissaries defeated the Serbs, ending the Serbian dominsation of the Balkans
Term
Constantinople was captured by the 
 Definition
Ottoman turks, headed by Mehmet II
Term
The ottom turks renamed Constantinople
 Definition
Istanbul
Term
Which of the following is not true about the reign of Suleyman I the Magnificent
 Definition
The ottomans first captured the slavic regions of Poland
Term
Which of the following statements is not true about the Ottoman power in Europe
 Definition
It destroyed a European coalition of Austrian, Polish, Bavarian, and Saxon forces at Vienna in 1683 and held the city for ten years
Term
Which of the following statements is not an accurate characterization of the nature of Ottoman governmental processes
 Definition
The government refused to allow any religion to be practiced in the empire except for Islam
Term
Ottoman expansion
 Definition
Relied heavily on the development of the Janissaries and the new artillery weapons and tactics in the 15th and 16th centuries
Term
All of the following are corect about the Janissaries except
 Definition
They fought on horseback as cavalry warriors
Term
The power structure of the Ottoman Empire
 Definition
Was physically centered in the Topkapi
Term
Ottoman decline was caused by all except
 Definition
Conquest of Constantinople by Great Britian and France in the Crimean War
Term
Ottoman Architecture
 Definition
Used the open floor technique originally used in the Byzantine church of Santa Sophia in designing mosques such as the one at Edirne
Term
Woman in Ottoman Society
 Definition
Had considerable political influence if they were queen others
Term
The founder of the Safavid Dynasty could trace his ancestry back to all except
 Definition
Saladin
Term
Safavid power was spread through Persia by 
 Definition
Ismail's militant use of Shi'ite Islam to unify the region
Term
Safavid Iran
 Definition
Was strongly influenced by Turkish elements with the society
Term
All of the following were true of Safavid Iran except
 Definition
Its wealth was much greater than its neighbors, the Mughal and Ottoman Empires
Term
Babur, the founder of the Mughal Dynasty in India
 Definition
Established his northern Indian domain after his conquest of Delhi, and died at the age of 47
Term
The Mughal rule of Akbar in India
 Definition
Overall was a time of peace and prosperity
Term
Akbar was succeeded by his son and grandson, respectively
 Definition
Jahangir and Shah Jahan
Term
All of the following were true about the reign of Shah Jahan except that 
 Definition
Famine and drought did not plaque India during his rule
Term
Mughal decline was most probably not caused by the
 Definition
Fall of Safavid dynasty
Term

The status of women under the Mughal Regime

 

 Definition
Varied greatly, with women at court sometimes receiving education as under Emperor Akbar
Term
Mughal architectural developments
 Definition
Often blended Persian and Indian styles to achieve new and beautiful results
Term
The first European sea-faring nation desiring to trade with China and who arrived in 1514 was
 Definition
Portugal
Term

The Portuguese base of operations in China, granted when they arrived in China, was the territory of

 

 Definition
Macao
Term
The Ming Dynasty
 Definition
sent a fleet far into the indian ocean
Term
The Christian missionaries who accompanied the European merchant ships to East Asia
 Definition
Seemed less threatening to the MIng and Qing dynasties than to the Tokugawa shogunate
Term
The peasant revolt that brought down the preoccupied Ming dynasty, and precipitated the ascension to control of the Manchus, was led by the disgruntled postal worker
 Definition
Li Zicheng
Term
The name of the Chinese dynasty established by the manchus was the 
 Definition
Qing
Term

In comparing Mongol and Manchu rule in china, it can be accurately stated that the 

 

 Definition
Manchus were more successful than the MOngols
Term

Arguably the Greatest ruler in chinese history was

 

 Definition
Kangxi
Term
As a result of the controversy over the policy of Jesuit missionaries accommodating Chinese religious beliefs in order to facilitate conversions to Christianity
 Definition
The pope forbade the practice of ancestor worship
Term
The primary fight force of Qing China was the 
 Definition
Bannermen
Term
The purpose of the Qing system known as dyarchy was
 Definition
A mechanism for the sharing of administrative positions by Manchus and Chinese
Term
Government under the Qing Dynasty
 Definition
Saw compromises made in the civil service examination system as positions were increasingly assigned to candidates who purchased their degrees. 
Term
Qianlong
 Definition
Fell under the influence of corrupt court elements
Term
The rule of Qing was weakened by the 
 Definition
Corrupt behavior of Heshen
Term
The boundary dispute between the Russian tsar and the Qing was settled by the Treaty of 
 Definition
Nerchinsk
Term
The "Sacred Edict" delineating proper Confucian behavior was issued by
 Definition
Kangxi
Term
It is accurate to say that
 Definition
American crops such as peanuts and maize were introduced into china in the Qing Dynasty
Term
China's population
 Definition
Grew fast during the 1600-1800 period, reaching over 300 million by 1800. 
Term
Which of the following is accurate regarding the effects of Qianlong's trade policy with England
 Definition
It set the stage for a future of Chinese degradation and decline
Term
As manufacturing and commerce began to grow in Ming and Qing China
 Definition
Government tax policies favored the industrial section over the agricultural one
Term

Concerning the role of women in traditional china, which of the following is not true?

 

 Definition
Women could not participate in sacred family rituals
Term
In Qing China,
 Definition
Women held a uniquely honored position in the family because they bore the children
Term
Gold Vase Plum
 Definition
Is two centuries ahead of the earliest European examples of a realistic social novel
Term
The work that is considered to be China's most distinguised popular novel is
 Definition
The Dream of the Read Chamber
Term
Probably the best-known artistic achievements of the Ming era were the famous
 Definition
Blue-and-white porcelain objects
Term
The Japanese who seized Kyoto and spend his last years trying to consolidate his role was 
 Definition
Oda Nobunaga
Term
The most powerful and lengthiest of all japanese shogunates was begun by 
 Definition
Tokugawa Ieyasu
Term
Toyotomi Hideyoshi was able to accomplish all of the following except
 Definition
Gain control of Korea
Term
The modern-day name for the capital city of the Tokugawa shogunate is 
 Definition
Tokyo
Term
The first Jesuit missionary to arrive in Japan was
 Definition
Francis Xavier 
Term
Hideyoshi expelled missionaries from his domain in 1587 because they were
 Definition
Interfering in local Japanese Political Matters
Term
In their attempt to follow tradition, the Tokugawa rule dthrough a coalition of daimyo and a council of Elders called the:
 Definition
Bakufu
Term
During the "great peace" of the Tokugawa shogunate, all occured except
 Definition
Japan opened its border to the west in the 17th century
Term
Basho
 Definition
Was intrigued by the search for the meaning of existence
Term
The tokugawa shoguns exerted control over the daimyo
 Definition
By compelling the daimyo to maintain two residences, one in their own domain and one in Edo 
Term
During the Tokugawa Period
 Definition
Cotton became the dominant textile fabric, worn by most Japanese
Term
The Treaty of Nerchinsk
 Definition
Settled the location fo the Sino-Russian Boundary
Term
The Ptolemaic view of the universe believed all of the following to be true except
 Definition
The planets were believed to be imperfect and material
Term
A discovery made by Galileo was the 
 Definition
Simliarity of the material composition of other planets and the moon to that of the earth
Term
The Catholic Church condemned the theories of Copernicus and Galileo because they
 Definition
Threatened the scriptures, as the ehavens were no longer a spiritual world but a world of matter
Term
Newton's Principia
 Definition
Supplied the new theory of the universe that ombined the work of Copernicus, Kepler, and Gilileo
Term
All of the follwoing were relevant to newton's disvoeries except 
 Definition
His theories had no spiritual remifications
Term
Cartesian Dualism
 Definition
Viewed mind and matter as two distinct and seprate entities
Term
Rene Descartes
 Definition
Fled the Dutch repbulic for the Holy Roman Empire
Term
Which of the following was not one of the positive busswords of the Enlightenment
 Definition
Divine Revelation
Term
The Intellectual of the Enlightenment advocated the 
 Definition
Use of the scientific method to foster progress towrad a better society
Term
The philosophes generally included all of the following except
 Definition
The rural lower classes
Term
Which of the following statements would John Locke find acceptable
 Definition
A positive environment will create positive results
Term
In his Essay Concerning Human Understanding, the writer who said each of us is born with a tabula rosa was
 Definition
John Locke
Term
The philosophe who praised the checks and balances of the British constitution was 
 Definition
Montesquieu
Term
The most active opponent of religious intolerance and the most out-spoken anti-Christians among the philosophes were
 Definition
Voltaire and Diderot
Term
Enlightenment advocates of economic liberalism
 Definition
Opposed attempts to establish laissez-faire policies
Term
The person viewed as one of the founders of modern eonomics and known for the doctrine of laissez-faire was
 Definition
Adam Smith 
Term
Jean-Jacques Rosseau
 Definition
Argued that, in accord with the "general will," people could be "forced to be free"
Term
Which of the following descriptions best depicts the Rococco style?
 Definition
A fondness for curves and emphsized grace, charm, and gentle action
Term
Lyrical Rococo depictions of aristocratic life were expressed in the work of 
 Definition
Antoine Watteau
Term
All of the followering were true about European population and food supplies except
 Definition
As the 18th century progressed, European population declined
Term
The most important product of European industry in the 18th century was
 Definition
Textiles
Term
The system that came to be known as the "cottage industry" involved all except 
 Definition
Peasants grew cotton on their farms and sold the raw material to entrepreneurs
Term
Which of the following was not an element in 18th century global trade
 Definition
Gold and silver were shipped to america by Spain 
Term
Outside Europe, the major scenes of battle in the Seven Years War' were 
 Definition
India and NOrth America
Term
In 18th century Europe nobles...
 Definition
Constituted approx. two or three percent of the population
Term
Who among the following should not be considered an "enlightend despot"
 Definition
Louis XIV
Term
Which of these leaders asserted, " I have made philosophy the lawmaker of my empire"
 Definition
Joseph II
Term
In line with mercantilist theory,
 Definition
American colonies were viewed as source of raw materials and markets by Europeans
Term
Which of the following statements is an accurate depiction of the nature of the British Parliament in the latter half of the 18th century?
 Definition
It shared power with the king, gradually gaining the upper hand
Term
The formal even which led to the break between the American colonies and England was the
 Definition
Signing of the Declaration of Independence
Term
In the american revolution, the rebels...
 Definition
Recieved support from a number of european countries
Term
Britian decided to end its war against the Americans after a combined American and French force defeated Gerneral Cornwallis at 
 Definition
Yorktown
Term
The new United States Constitution of 1787 
 Definition
Employed montesquieu conception of the seperation of powers
Term
Enlightened absolutism..
 Definition
Was based more on practical measures to strengthen the power of the state than to "reform" and free their populations
Term
The 18th century ruler who called himself/herself "the first servant of the state" was 
 Definition
Frederick II of Prussia
Term
The Austrian ruler whose reform program abolished serfdom, eliminated internal trade barriers, and instituted a new penal code, among other things, was
 Definition
Joseph II
Term
The russian monarch whose policies favored the landed nobility, at the expence of the serfs, was 
 Definition
Catherine the great
Term
Englightend DESPOTISM
 Definition
was limited by the social and political reality of hereditary aristocracy
Term
Which of the following was NOT a direct result of the Seven years' War
 Definition
France ceded louisiana Territory to the spanish
Term
The Estates-General was convened in 1789 in order to deal with the 
 Definition
Bankfruptcy of the French Tresury
Term
The illegal event that constituted the start of the French Revolution was the
 Definition
Action of the Third Estate in declaring itself to be a National Assembly
Term
Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding developments in the French Revolution prior to September 1792
 Definition
Louis XVI was an enthusiastic supporter of the revolutionary events
Term
The Committee of Public Safety was established to 
 Definition
Provide the nation with a renewed Monarchy
Term
The French Revolution
 Definition
Created a "nation in arms" and an army of 650,000
Term
As a direct result of the French Revolution, this nation became the first Latin American state to win its independence from European colonialism
 Definition
Haiti
Term
Which of the following was not an immediate result of the Fall of Robespierre
 Definition
Napoleon was elected President of France
Term
Napoleon gained control of the executive authority of the French Government by
 Definition
Seizing the coup d'etat
Term
Which of the following was not a characteristic of Napoleon's grand empire..?
 Definition
Absolute freedom of the press
Term
Which of the following was not  achieved during the regime of Napoleon..?
 Definition
The laws of France were codified in the civil code
Term
Which of the following is the correct order regaurding Napoleon
 Definition
Italy, Russia, Waterloo, Saint Helena
Term
Which of the following did not play a crucial role in making Britain the site of the first Industrial Revolution.?
 Definition
Over ninety-five percent of the population was literate
Term
The ability to make yarn at a much faster pace...
 Definition
Became necessary after the development of the flying shuttle
Term
The steam engine was developed by
 Definition
James watt
Term
Steam power
 Definition
was originally used to pump water from mines
Term
Steam power was orignally used for what purpose
 Definition
To pump water from mines
Term
By the middle of the 19th century, henry Cort's system of puddling had resulted in
 Definition
Britain becoming by far the world's leading iron producer
Term
The first steam-powered locomotive was pioneered by
 Definition
Richerd Trevithick
Term
The speeds attained by the first steam locomotive in 1804 and those in use by 1850 were, respectively
 Definition
5 and 50 mph
Term
Which of the following statements is a false observation about the development of the Industrial Revolution?
 Definition
Price reductions produced increased markets, thus continuing the traditional, self-sustaining nature of the European economy as it had functioned since the early 1600s
Term
Continental European Industrialization
 Definition
Began in Belgium, France, and the German States
Term
Government financial aid to industries
 Definition
Was a basic element of industrialization on the continent
Term
Which, among the following was not one of the major impediments to the industrialization of Continental Europe?
 Definition
Inadequate natural resources
Term
Industrial Development in the United states before 1879 included
 Definition
an efficient transportation network
Term
A country which was forced to reduce its industrial production by a more powerful competitor was 
 Definition
India
Term
Although the population of London was only 1 million in 1800, by 1850 it had increased to 
 Definition
2,363,000
Term
This act brought an end to the employment of children under 9 years of age in Great Britain
 Definition
The Factory act of 1833
Term
By aiming at establishing legitimacy and a traditional balanace of power in European political affiars, Metternich and his associates at the congress of Vienna were advocated of the IDEOLOGY
 Definition
Conservatism
Term
Population in Europe During the 19th century
 Definition
was notable for overall rapid growth and a far more rapid increase in city populations
Term
The basic purpose of the concert of Europe was to maintain...
 Definition
Conservative political control over Europe
Term
The largest and most successful trade union in 19th century Britain was 
 Definition
The Amalgamated Society of Engineers
Term
The brilliant inventor who sent the first radio waves across the Atlantic in 1901 was 
 Definition
Guglielmo Marconi
Term
The british cotton manufacturer Robert Owens sought to 
 Definition
establish a socialist utopian working environment
Term
19th century liberals advocated voting rights only for...
 Definition
male citizens who met certain property requirements
Term
All of the following are correct about the 19th century liberalism except
 Definition
Opposing limiting government power
Term
The key figure of Russian industrialization was 
 Definition
Sergei Witte
Term
Nationalism was a potential threat to..
 Definition
the existing political order
Term
Karl Marx believed that all of human history was the story of 
 Definition
The class struggle
Term
Marxist revisionists believe that workers should...
 Definition
Organize mass political parties
Term
The Congress of Vienna in 1815 did what..?
 Definition
Agreed to meet periodicaly to take steps to maintain Europe's peace and stability
Term
The principle that guided the victors at the Congress of Vienna was the pricple of 
 Definition
LEGITIMACY
Term
German unification was achievd by...
 Definition
militaristic Prussian politicians
Term
The most multinational state in Europe in the 19th century and thus the one most threatened by the new ideology of nationalism was...
 Definition
AUSTRIA
Term
The new Italian Kingdom was established in 1861 was the result of...
 Definition
the diplomatic and political work of Cavour and the military actions of Girabaldi
Term
The "Eastern Question" in the 19th century concerned the fate of which empire?
 Definition
The Ottoman Empire
Term
The Eastern European state that gained its independence from the Ottoman empire in 1830 was
 Definition
Greece
Term
The Crimean war isolated who from where...?
 Definition
Isolated the austrians from the rest of the great powers of Europe
Term
The policies of Otto Von Bismarck before 1871 ignored...
 Definition
domestic opposition and concentrated on foreign affiars. 
Term
Which of the following was not a result of the brief 1866 war between Austria and Prussia...?
 Definition
A russian and austrian defensive alliance defeated the French and British in the Balkans
Term
Which of the ofllowing was  not  a result of the Franco-Prussian war of 1870..?
 Definition
Louis Napoleon made himself Emperor of the Third Republic
Term
By 1871, All of the following are correct about Great Britain except the largest politicay party was...
 Definition
The Labour Party
Term
Reovlution and chaos were avoided in Britain During the 19th century by all except the
 Definition
Creation of a secret and effective political police unit known as "Peelers"
Term
The Second Empire in France
 Definition
Was broght down by the disastrous 1870 war with Prussia
Term
Which of the following could be considered the most striking contrast between the French and the British political systems in the Period between 1875-1914?
 Definition
The multi-party system under the Third Republic produced much less ministerial stability than was the case with the two-party system in Britain
Term
Which of the following would be considered the founder of the late 19th and early 20th century diplomatic alliances>?
 Definition
OTTO VON BISMARCK
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