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Final Exam Human Anatomy Exam 1
Biology 110 Human Anatomy Debbie Seale
38
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
11/30/2011

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Cards

Term
Anterior & Posterior
Definition
The coronal plane divides the body into:
Term
Superior & Inferior
Definition
The transverse plane divides the body into:
Term
Right and Left
Definition
The midsagittal plane divides the body into:
Term
Facilitated Diffusion
Definition
The following passive process that transports large, polar, or charged molecules across the plasma membrane is:
Term
Prophase I
Definition
Crossing over occurs in the following phase of meiosis.
Term
Many connections near the apical surface
Definition
The structure of a tight junction is:
Term
Few connections deep way from apical surface
Definition
The structure of an adhering junction is:
Term
Single thickened protein plaque with network of proteins
Definition
The structure of a desmosome is:
Term
Fluid filled channel
Definition
The structure of a gap junction is:
Term
Articular cartilage
Definition
Hyaline cartilage is found in:
Term
Intervertebral discs
Definition
Fibrocartilage is found in:
Term
External Ear
Definition
This type of cartilage is found in the external ear:
Term
Osteocytes
Definition
Maintaining bone matrix is the function of:
Term
Osteoblasts
Definition
Adding to bone matrix is the function of:
Term
Osteoclasts
Definition
Dissolving bone to release Ca+2 is the function of:
Term
Elongate bone in childhood
Definition
Growth Hormone is known to:
Term
Promote absorption of calcium from intestine
Definition
Vitamin D is known to:
Term
Promote osteoclasts
Definition
Parathyroid hormone is known to:
Term
Activate osteoblasts
Definition
Vitamin A is known to:
Term
Femur
Definition
The patella articulates with the:
Term
Cranial - Superior,contains skull bones

Vertebral - Inferior, contains vertebrae
Definition
What is the difference between the cranial cavity and vertebral cavity?
Term
Phagocytosis brings solid particles into cell

Pinocytosis brings liquid into cell
Definition
What is the difference between phagocytosis and pinocytosis?
Term
stratified (multiple layers)

pseudostratified (looks like multiple, but only one layer)
Definition
What is the difference between stratified and pseudostratified?
Term
Endocrine glands (don't have ducts, secrete directly into interstitial fluid or bloodstream)

Exocrine glands (have ducts)
Definition
What is the difference between endocrine glands and exocrine glands?
Term
Merocrine sweat - watery sweat

Apocrine sweat - cloudy sweat with proteins and lipids
Definition
What is the difference in secretions between merocrine glands and apocrine glands of the skin?
Term
Interstitial growth - mitosis of chondrocytes within the tissue, each synthesize new matrix between them and new matrix separates cells

Appositional growth - mitosis of stem cells along the outside of the tissue, new chondrocytes add matrix to periphery, forming new lacunae
Definition
What is the difference between interstitial growth and appositional growth of cartilage?
Term
Compact Bone - Solid and relatively dense, found in external surfaces of long and flat bones
Spongy - open lattice of narrow plates called trabeculae, found in internal surface of bones
Definition
What is the difference in structure between compact bone and spongy bone?
Term
Manubrium - Superior
Body - Center
Xiphoid Process - Inferior
Definition
What is the difference between the manubrium and the xiphoid process?
Term
True Ribs - Articulate with the sternum (ribs 1-7)
Floating Ribs - Don't articulate with the sternum (11 & 12)
Definition
What is the difference between true ribs and floating ribs?
Term
Calcaneus - heel, supports weight of the body
Talus - articulates with the tibia, supports weight of the body
Definition
What is the difference between the calcaneus and talus?
Term
Bean shaped organelle with a double membrane, inner membrane forms cristae, matrix is interior fluid of the inner membrane
Definition
Describe the structure of the mitochondrion.
Term
G1 phase
S phase
G2 phase
Definition
Name the three phases of interphase in order.
Term
Found between epithelial tissues and CT, functions in physical support and anchoring of epithelial tissue, control of passage of large molecules between epithelium and CT
Definition
Describe the function and location of the basement membrane.
Term
Collagen - long, unbranched, strong, flexible fibers
Elastic fibers - thinner, stretch easily, recoil back to original shape
Reticular - thinner and meshlike
Definition
Describe the structure of the following fibers in connective tissue: collagen, elastic fibers, and reticular fibers
Term
Epidermis - stratified squamous epithelium
Dermis - areolar and dense irregular CT
Hypodermis - mostly adipose CT
Definition
Name the tissues of the following parts of the skin: epidermis, dermis and hypodermis
Term
Phospholipids, cholesterol, glycolipids, integral proteins, peripheral proteins
Definition
Essay:
Name the components of the plasma membrane.
Term
Fetal hyaline cartilage model develops > cartilage ossifies > primary ossification centers develop in diaphysis > secondary ossification centers develop in epiphyses > bone replaces cartilage > epihyseal plates ossify last
Definition
Essay:
Describe the stages of endochondral ossification
Term
Zone of Resting Cartilage - farthest from the medullary cavity, small chondrocytes in hyaline carilage
Zone of Proliferating Cartilage - larger condrocytes like stacks of coins
Zone of Hypertrophic Cartilage - enlarged chondrocyte
Zone of Calcified Cartilage - dead chondrocytes and opaque matrix
Zone of Ossification - lacunae break, forming channels that the osteoprogenitor cells and capillaries invade
Definition
Name the zones of the epiphyseal plate and describe their structure.
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