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Final Exam flash cards
Final exam
70
History
8th Grade
05/21/2008

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Cards

Term
The belief that the people living in a region should decide key issues is?
Definition
popular sovereignty
Term
Which of the following items describes the division of government into three branches?
Definition
Seperation of powers
Term
People who come to a country to settle are called?
Definition
immigrants
Term
What idea of Eli Whitney transformed manufacturing by making each copy of a manufactured item exactly alike?
Definition
interchangeable parts
Term
What did Sequoya invent for Cherokee people?
Definition
A written language
Term
Which branch of the government has the power to pass laws?
Definition
judicial branch
Term
What practice became known as the "spoils system"?
Definition
elected officials rewarding political backers with government jobs
Term
A person who put the interests of his or her state or region ahead of what was best for the rest of the nation was demonstrating what attitude?
Definition
sectionalism
Term
What was the name for the journey made by the Cherokee after they were removed from their lands by force?
Definition
Trail of Tears
Term
Which document set up the federal court system?
Definition
the Federal Judicary act of 1789
Term
Citizens vote for their political represenatives in governments shaped by the political principle of
Definition
federalism
Term
Why did Hamilton want to place tariffs on foreign goods?
Definition

To encourage the growth of American industry

Term
What invention did Samuel F. B. Morse create, and what was its effect?
Definition
telegraph, allowed people to communicate over long distances
Term
Which of the following is true about James Madison?
Definition

all of the above

Term
What was one Northern stategy for winning the civil war?
Definition
to cut off the souths imports and exports with a naval blockade
Term
Who commanded the Texas forces at the battle of Alamno?
Definition
William Travis
Term
What impact did Sacagawea have on American history?
Definition
She helped a U.S expedition explore the Louisiana territory
Term

The idea of spreading political power to the people and ensuring majority rule was characteristic of

Definition
Jacksonian democracy
Term
For what period of time is a presidents term of office?
Definition
4 years
Term
People who went to California during the gold rush were known as
Definition
forty-niners
Term
The person who assassinated President Licoln was
Definition
John Wikes Booth
Term
A states representation of the house of Represenatives is based on
Definition
the size of that states population
Term
How did Congress finally agree to address George Washington, the first president?
Definition
Mr. President
Term
Who operated schools to educate former slaves
Definition
Freedmens Bureau
Term
What group of Americans sought religious freedom in the west?
Definition
Mormons
Term
The fifteenth amendment gave which of the following groups the right to vote?
Definition
African-American men
Term
What were the "black codes"?
Definition
Southern laws designed to limit the rights of African-Americans
Term
What did South Carolina threaten to do because of the Tariff of Abominations?
Definition
Secede from the union
Term
How are the members of the supreme court chosen?
Definition
appointed by the president and confirmed by the senate
Term
Which of the following has the power to make treaties with foreign governments provided two-thirds of the senate approved?
Definition
Congress
Term
The Confederate States of America were
Definition
the slaveholding states that seceded from the union
Term
Who is president of the Senate but has no vote unless the senate is equally divided?
Definition
vice-president
Term
Appomattox court house is important because it was
Definition
the site where Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant
Term
What gave African-Americans full citizenship?
Definition
Fourteenth Amendment
Term
A severe food shortage that results in widespread hunger and death is known as
Definition
a famine
Term
Who was the first vice president and the second president?
Definition
John Adams
Term
What is the only situation in which the writ of heabea corpus may be suspended?
Definition
cases of rebeillion or invasion
Term
Which of the following is true about the Supreme Court's decision in the case of Malbury vs. Madison?
Definition
it established the supreme courts power of judicial review
Term
What did the compromise of 1877 do?
Definition
it ended reconstruction
Term
Which two groups make up the congress of the unidted states
Definition
house and senate
Term
The author of Uncle Toms Cabin was
Definition
Harriet Beecher Stwoe
Term

For what is Nat Turner best known?

Definition
leading an armed revolt of some 70 slaves
Term
What was true about the 54th Massachustees Regiment
Definition
all of the above
Term
how many members of congress must vote to pass a bill after it has been vetoed
Definition
two-thirds
Term

For what reason is Harriet Tubman famous?

Definition
She was a conductor on the Underground Railroad
Term
What event triggered the fighting between the North and the South?
Definition
Southerners fired at fort sumpter
Term
What was George Washington's view of political parties?
Definition
political parites made issued clearer for the voters
Term
Who founded a releif agency that later became known as the red cross?
Definition
Clara Barton
Term
Who saved important items before the British burned the White House?
Definition
Dolley Madison
Term
Which of the following is an example of a radical?
Definition
a person who takes extreme position on a political issue
Term
How did the war of 1812 encourage the growth of U.S manufacturing
Definition
americans had to make their own products because a british blockade kept european products out of the USA
Term
which of the following actions is required of the president to stop a new bill?
Definition
veto
Term
Which battle was considered the turning point of the civil war?
Definition
Gettysburg
Term
What did the fifth amendment do?
Definition
It gave African-American men the right to vote
Term
Which battle resulted in the bloodiest day of all in American history, with neither side having gained any ground?
Definition
battle of antietam
Term
What did the supreme court rule in the case of gobbons vs. ogden?
Definition
only the federal government had the right to control interstate commerce
Term
What is the only amendment to be repealed and which amendment repealed it?
Definition
the 18th amendment was repealed by the 21st amendment
Term
What roles do both houses of congress play in the introduction of a new bill?
Definition
all of the above
Term
What did the adams-onis treaty of 1819 accomplish?
Definition
gave florida to the USA
Term
the purpose of the thirteenth amendment to the constitution was
Definition
to end slavery in the unided states
Term
what is the name given to the first ten amendments to the constitution, which guarantee certain induvidual rights
Definition
Bill of rights
Term
to whom did washington turn for help in solving the challenges facing the new nation
Definition
his cabinet
Term
the cotton gin was invented in 1973 by
Definition
Eli Whitney
Term
What was the Missouri Compromise?
Definition
a plan to allow slavery to spread in some places but not others
Term
The power of the supreme court to declare laws unconstitutional is an example of which of the following principles?
Definition
checks and balances
Term
the songs in which enslaved people of the south expressed their religious beleifs or passes coded messages were called
Definition
spirituals
Term
The author of the poem that in 1931 became the national anthem of the unided states was
Definition
Francis Scott Key
Term
The Kansas-Nebraska act called for
Definition
the residents of kansa and bebraska vote to decide the issue of slavery
Term
the president of the confederacy was
Definition
jefferson davis
Term
Who has the power to declare war?
Definition
Congress
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