Term
| Name the 3 circulatory shunts in the fetus: |
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Definition
-ductus venosus
-foramen ovale
-ductus arteriosus |
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Term
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Definition
| Vessel in which blood flows, bypassing a structure |
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Term
| ___ brings oxygen- and nutrient-rich blood from the placenta into the fetus. |
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Definition
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Term
| What connects the umbilical vein with the caudal vena cava? |
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Definition
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Term
| Purpose of the ductus venosus? |
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Definition
| Connects umbilical vein with caudal vena cava, allowing blood to bypass liver and bring O2 to heart. |
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Term
| How much blood is shunted from the RA through the foramen ovale? |
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Definition
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Term
| The foramen ovale shunts blood from the ___ to the ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Purpose of the foramen ovale? |
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Definition
| allows blood to bypass pulmonary artery, supplying O2 to heart and brain |
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Term
| Blood passes through the foramen ovale into the LA, then the LV, and supplies the heart via the ____. Distally, the blood goes... |
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Definition
| coronary arteries; over the brachiocephalic trunk to carotids to brain |
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Term
| Purpose of the ductus arteriosus? |
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Definition
| Shunts blood from pulmonary trunk to the aorta, bypassing the lungs; supplies caudal body without diluting blood to brain |
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Term
| The ____ are branches of the terminal aorta which return fetal blood to placenta. |
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Definition
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Term
| The placenta performs 2 main functions for the fetus: |
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Definition
-oxygenation
-waste elimination |
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Term
| After birth, the ductus venosus becomes... |
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Definition
| part of the portal liver circulation |
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Term
| After birth, the ductus arteriosus becomes... |
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Definition
| the ligamentum arteriosum |
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Term
| The closing of the ductus arteriosus allows more blood to flow to where? |
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Definition
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Term
| What causes the ductus venosus to close after birth? |
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Definition
| the umbilical cord is disrupted, so blood stops flowing over it |
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Term
| What causes the ductus arteriosus to close after birth? |
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Definition
| the first breath lowers resistance to blood flow in pulm. vessels, so more blood goes to pulm. arteries to lungs; change in O2 content closes shunt |
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Term
| What causes the foramen ovale to close after birth? |
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Definition
| greater volume of blood through lungs, goes to LA; pressure against flap functionally closes it; eventually fibroses shut |
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Term
| After birth the foramen ovale becomes the... |
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Definition
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Term
| What vessels are paired in the umbilical cord, but become one in the fetal abdomen? |
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Definition
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Term
| The umbilical veins enter what organ in the fetus? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the foramen ovale? |
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Definition
| double-walled opening in the septum between the 2 atria which allows blood to pass directly from RA to LA |
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Term
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Definition
| L intercostal incision through 4th intercostal space; isolate ductus and ligate |
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Term
| Patient Foramen Ovale is normal in ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the aortic isthmus? |
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Definition
| portion of calf's aorta between brachiocephalic trunk and entrance of ductus arteriosus, normally smaller than DA and aorta |
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