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Femo Repro Path 2
PP2
29
Veterinary Medicine
Professional
08/19/2016

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Cards

Term
IN which species are uterine torsions most common? At which point do they become clinicaly significant?
Definition
-cattle
-at or more than 90 degrees
Term
What are some causes of uterine rupture?
Definition
-secondary to torsion or dystocia usually closer to cervix)
-infuion of fluids to treat (usually closer to ovaries)
Term
What results from uterine rupture?
Definition
-secondary peritonitis: adhesions and reduced fertility
Term
IN which species do vascular accidents of the uterus occur (rupture of middle uterine artery)?
Definition
-horses and cows -hemodynamic
-aged mares
-low serum copper
-dystocia
Term
What are the 4 major causes of middle uterine artery accident in hroses?
Definition
-hemodynamic
-aged mares
-low serum copper
-dystocia
Term
Describe how common uterine prolapse is in animal species.
Definition
-cow>> sheep/goats >> swine
-also occurs in horses but not commonly
Term
What are the 4 predisposing factors to uterine prolapse?
Definition
-prolonged dystocia/forced traction
-retained placenta
-postparturient hypocalcemia
-hyperestrogenism
Term
What are the major sequelae of uterine prolapse?
Definition
-congestion and edema leading to hemorrhage and necrosis
-sepsis
Term
What does SIPS mean?
Definition
-sub-involution of placental sites
Term
What causes SIPS in canines?
Definition
-fail of placental trophoblast cells to regress
Term
What are the clinical signs of SIPS in the dog?
Definition
-blood vaginal discharge
-peritonitis can happen if infection becomes transmural
Term
What are the predisposing factors of endometrial hyperplasia?
Definition
-estrogenic analogues in LA
-hormonal cycles in dogs
Term
What does endometrial hyperplasia grossly look like?
Definition
-thickened with visible cysts
Term
What are the possible sequelae of endometrial hyperplasia?
Definition
-reduced fertility
-cystic hyperplastic endometritis
-dystocia
-uterine prolapse
Term
What is adenomyosis? What causes it? IN which species does it occur?
Definition
-presence of endometrial glands within the muscular wall of the uterus
-caused by estrogen stimulation
-occurs in the queen, cow, bitch, and potbellied pig
Term
What is endometriosis? In which spp does it occur?
Definition
-explant of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus
-humans and other primates
Term
Is the uterus resistant or susceptible to infectious agents during estrus? What about during diesterus/pregnancy?
Definition
-estrus = highly resistant
-progesterone control = susceptible b/c PG is moderately immunosuppresive and anti-inflammatory
Term
What is the most common route of infection to the uterus?
Definition
-cervix
Term
Definition: Endometritis
Definition
-limited to inner mucosal lining of the endometrium
Term
What is the purpose of the Kenney grading system?
Definition
-checking to see if irreversible fibrosis due to endometritis has reuslted in infertility
Term
Definition: Metritis
Definition
-all area of the endometrium involved
Term
Definition: Perimetritis
Definition
-only outer serosal surface involved
Term
Definition: Pyometra
Definition
-pus in uterus
Term
What is a common effect of uterine cysts?
Definition
-infertility b/c messes with implantation
Term
What is the main difference between canine uterine cysts and mare uterine cysts?
Definition
-canine cysts are lined by epithelium
-equine cysts are lymphatic
Term
What are some examples of uterine neoplasia?
Definition
-carcinomas
-lymphomas
-Spindle cell
-Uterine carcinoma: only common in cattle
-Bovine Leukosis
-Leiomyoma
-Leiomyosarcoma
-Fibrosarcoma
-Fibroids
Term
Where does bovine leukosis occur in the body?
Definition
-HAULS: Heart, Abomasum, Uterus, Lymph nodes, Spine
Term
What is a common cuase of bovine leukosis?
Definition
-BLV
Term
What is the most common neoplasm in the domestic rabbit?
Definition
-uterine adenocarcinoma
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