Term
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Definition
| - Feed that has an energy source, protein source, vitamins, and minerals. |
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Term
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Definition
| - Protein source (Soybean meal) + Vitamins + Minerals. |
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Term
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Definition
| - Vitamins + Minerals (diluted). |
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Term
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Definition
| - Vitamins + Minerals (undiluted). |
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Term
1) Pellets
2) Meal
3) Crumble
4) Cube |
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Definition
| - What are the 4 complete feed forms? |
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Term
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Definition
- Feed that is passed through a dye (or screw).
- Are all the same length, but differ in diameter. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- Hybrid of pellet and meal feed form.
- Is not fed in pigs. |
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Term
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Definition
| - Supplement or complete feed in a larger block form and the animal will forage for it. |
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Term
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Definition
| - Corn, Sorghum, Oats, Barley, and fat provide what? |
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Term
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Definition
| - Soybean meal provides what? |
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Term
1) Lysine
2) Methionine
3) Threonine |
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Definition
| - What are the 3 synthetic AAs? |
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Term
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Definition
- This is the 1st limiting AA.
- The animal will not grow or reproduce well if there is not enough of this in feed. |
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Term
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Definition
| - What is the proper calcium/phosphorus ratio? |
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Term
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Definition
| - High calcium ____ zinc. |
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Term
1) Fractures
2) Downers
3) Slow farrowing |
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Definition
| - What are 3 associated signs of a calcium/phosphorus problem? |
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Term
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Definition
- Increases the availability of phytate phosphorus.
- Is used to protect environment (Less P in the rations). |
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Term
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Definition
| - Which iron form do you have to use in feed b/c the other isn't bioavailable? |
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Term
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Definition
| - Hemolytic crisis is often associated with what mineral concern? |
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Term
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Definition
| - Parakeratosis is often associated with what mineral concern? |
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Term
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Definition
| - Post-weaning diarrhea is often associated with what mineral concern? |
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Term
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Definition
| - What is the max allowance of Selenium allowed in feed via the state? |
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Term
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Definition
- This mineral/vitamin combo plays a huge role antioxidant role in the body.
Deficiency leads to immunocompromised and hemorrhages. |
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Term
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Definition
| - Pigs make these vitamins on their own so they are seldom of concern. |
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Term
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Definition
- Vitamins that have to be added to the feed of pigs.
- Often problems with poor formulation, old feed, and rancid fat. |
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Term
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Definition
| - What are the 4 fat-soluble vitamins? |
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Term
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Definition
| - A deficiency in this fat-soluble vitamin will cause a decrease Ca & P adsorption. |
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Term
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Definition
| - A deficiency in this fat-soluble vitamin will cause a disease of body linings. |
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Term
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Definition
- A deficiency in this fat-soluble vitamin/mineral combo can lead to:
1) Mulberry Heart Disease (cardiomyopathy)
2) Heaptosis Dietetice (liver necrosis)
3) Immune Deficiency Syndrome |
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Term
1) Grinding
2) Blending
3) Pelleting |
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Definition
| - What are the 3 types of feed manufacturing? |
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Term
1) Hammer mill
2) Screw or roller mill |
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Definition
| - What are the 2 types of mills used for grinding? |
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Term
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Definition
| - Mill used for grinding that is faster, but has more variation in particle size. |
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Term
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Definition
| - Mill for grinding that is slower, but has improved consistency in grind over the other mill type. |
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Term
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Definition
| - The finer the grind, the more ____ for enzyme exposure. |
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Term
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Definition
| - What is the average particle size of feed for pigs? |
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Term
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Definition
| - What portion of the stomach in pigs is susceptible to ulceration? |
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Term
1) Too fine particle size
2) Empty stomach |
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Definition
| - What 2 main things can lead to gastric ulcers in a pig? |
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Term
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Definition
| - How can you check to make sure you aren't over or under blending the feed? |
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Term
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Definition
| - What are the 2 different techniques of blending? |
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Term
| 1) Less feed wastage 2) Reduced selective feeding 3) Decreased ingredient segregation 4) Less energy spent in prehension 5) Decreased pathogen exposure 6) Increased digestibility 7) Improved palatability |
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Definition
| - What are 7 advantages to pelleting? |
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Term
1) Die diameter
2) Die length
3) Process speed |
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Definition
| - Pelleting is a function of what 3 things? |
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Term
1) Mash moisture content
2) Cooling rate |
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Definition
| - What are 2 other considerations when it comes to pelleting besides the die and speed? |
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Term
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Definition
- Manage concentrated articles.
- Dilution of concentrated articles with carriers such as soybean meal.
- Special license required. |
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Term
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Definition
| - When a sow is gestating, it is ____ intake of feed (allowance based on body condition). |
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Term
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Definition
- When a sow is lactating, it is ____ intake of feed.
- Significant effect on return-to-estrus interval.
- Intake effect on lysine level.
- Access and heat stress is important. |
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Term
1) Age at weaning
2) Soy hypersensitivity (leads to mild transit diarrhea)
3) Ration complexity (milk-byproducts, whey, porcine plasma)
4) Zinc sulfate level critical (3000 ppm) (can lead to enteric disease w/o pathogen) |
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Definition
| - What are 4 nursery nutritional considerations? |
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Term
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Definition
| - ___ is essential for stabilizing the gut health. |
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Term
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Definition
| - As a pig ages in weeks, the level of activity of lactose ___, and the level of activity of protease ____. |
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Term
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Definition
| - For the feeding management of early weaned pigs (<3 wks of age), feed on mats for first __ hours. |
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Term
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Definition
- Have to monitor early weaned pigs for intake of feed:
- At 48 hours pw - __% not eating.
- At 60 hours pw - __% not eating.
- At 72 hours pw - __% not eating. |
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Term
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Definition
- When recently weaned pigs try to suck on the umbilicus of other piglets. Can hurt the other pigs.
- To prevent this need to get weaning age right, train pigs to eat the feed, and get them to find water. |
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Term
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Definition
| - Feed is __ of the cost of production. |
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Term
1) Ration staging
2) Split sex feeding |
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Definition
| - What 2 things during grow/finish feeding optimizes protein utilization? |
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Term
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Definition
| - As a rule of thumb, there should be __ feeder space/nursery pig. |
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Term
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Definition
| - As a rule of thumb, there should be __ G/F pigs/linear foot. |
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Term
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Definition
| - Where should the feeder be placed in the pig pen? |
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Term
| Over the slotted area/where the pigs defecate and urinate |
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Definition
| - Where should the water be placed in the pig pen? |
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Term
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Definition
| - Use ____ in the sleeping area during cold temperatures and/or when pigs are small. |
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Term
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Definition
| - Term for when a pig identifies with a teat and will go back to the same teat every time even if they are starving. |
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Term
1) Teat fidelity
2) Aglactia
3) Mastitis |
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Definition
| - What are 3 things that need to be taken into consideration when it comes to neonate nutrition? |
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Term
| 1) Milk supplementation 2) Cross-fostering 3) Nurse sow |
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Definition
| - What are 3 remedies when you have a pig that is starving due to teat fidelity, aglactia, or mastitis of the sow? |
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Term
| Administer Iron Dextran at 3 days of age. |
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Definition
| - How do we prevent pigs from developing Iron Deficiency Anemia? |
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Term
| Predisposer to secondary bacterial infections. |
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Definition
| - Why do we not give young pigs oral iron as a nutritional supplementation? |
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Term
| 1) Alfatoxin 2) Zeralenone 3) Vomitoxin (DON) 4) Fumonsin |
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Definition
| - What are 4 mycotoxins that we need to be worried about when it comes to pigs? |
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Term
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Definition
| - Mycotoxin that causes cholangiohepatitis and immunosuppression. |
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Term
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Definition
| - Mycotoxin that causes estrogenic effects and pseudopregnancy. |
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Term
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Definition
| - Mycotoxin that causes feed refusal and vomition. |
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Term
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Definition
| - Mycotoxin that causes hydrothorax and pulmonary edema. |
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Term
1) Prevent grain damage
2) Moisture control (<13%)
3) Proprionic acid
4) Bentonite clay |
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Definition
| - What are 4 ways to manage mycotoxins? |
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Term
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Definition
| - Cardiomyopathy associatd with prolonged feeding of high levels of cottonseed. |
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Term
1) Salt poisoning
2) Urinary tract disease (cystitis and pyelonephritis) |
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Definition
| - Water deprivation can cause what 2 main things in pigs? |
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Term
1) Flow Rate
2) Pressure
3) Type and size
4) #/pen and pigs/waterer
5) Waterer height (point of shoulder)
6) Angle
7) Proximity and location
8) Delivery system (ie pipe diameter) |
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Definition
| - What are 8 things that need to be considered when it comes to water management in pigs? |
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Term
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Definition
| - Feed additive used in growing pigs. - Redirects the energy taken in away from fat deposition and into lean muscle deposition (repartioning agent). Can be overused and misused in pigs b/c trying to get them too muscular. |
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Term
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Definition
- Diet originally formulated for laboratory pigs.
- Made by Purina for pet pigs (highly recommended). |
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Term
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Definition
- Should stay away from ___ energy feeds to reduce risk of obesity when it comes to feeding pet pigs.
- Can feed green leafy vegetables. |
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