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Federalism
chapter 3
19
History
Undergraduate 1
09/06/2010

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Term
unitary system
Definition
type of government in which local and regional governents derive their power from national government.
Term
privileges and immunity clause
Definition
guarantees that citizens of 1 state have same rights as other state citizens. 
Term
10th amendment
Definition
final part of bill of rights, "reserved powers amendment"
Term
concurrent powers
Definition
authority possessed by both the state and national governments that may be exercised concurrently as long as that power is not exclusively withing the scope of national power or in conflict with national law
Term
bill of attainder
Definition
law deciding an act illegal without a judicial trial
Term
full faith and credit clause
Definition
ensures judicial decrees and contracts made in one state will be binding and enforceable in any other state.
Term
interstate compacts
Definition
contracts between states that carry the force of law
Term
Mcculloch v. Maryland
Definition
supreme court upheld the power of national government and denied the right of a state to tax the bank
Term
Gibbons v. Ogden
Definition
supreme court upheld broad congressional power to regulate interstate commerce
Term
dual federalism
Definition
belief  that having separate and equally powerful levels of government is the best arrangement
Term
16th amendment
Definition
authorized congress to enact a national income tax
Term
17th amendment
Definition
made senators directly elected by the people
Term
cooperative federalism
Definition
state and national government works together
Term
categorical grant
Definition
 grant for which congress appropriates funds for a specific purpose
Term
new federalism
Definition
hallmark is returning administrative to the state governments
Term
block grants
Definition
broad grant with few strings attached
Term
unfunded mandates
Definition
national laws that direct states or local governments to comply with federal rules or regulations  but contain no federal funding
Term
preemption
Definition
a concept derived from the constitution's supremacy clause  that allows or preempt state or local actions in certain areas
Term
sovereign immunity
Definition
right of a state to be free from lawsuit unless it gives permission to the suit
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