Term
Among all the possible features of a farm biosecurity system, what is the most important? |
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Definition
| Closed herd, test and quarantine newbies. |
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Term
The large majority of chickens in the United States are produced in large commercial operations. Yet, most of the concern regarding potential for introducing highly pathogenic avian flu (such as H5N1) has focused on small, “backyard” operations. Why? |
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Definition
| No biosecurity, lots of open access to bodies of water |
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Term
| What is the reservoir of avian influenza? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most likely way in which foot and mouth disease, classical swine fever, or African swine fever would enter the USA? |
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Definition
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Term
What species of domestic animals are affected by different vesicular diseases?
Vesicular Disease Cattle Sheep Horses Pigs
Foot and mouth disease
Swine vesicular disease
Vesicular exanthema
Vesicular stomatitis |
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Definition
Vesicular Disease Cattle Sheep Horses Pig
Foot and mouth disease X X X
Swine vesicular disease X
Vesicular exanthema X
Vesicular stomatitis X X X X |
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Term
If and when a foreign animal disease is introduced into the USA, what are the most important factors that will determine whether the outbreak will be a mere disaster or a major catastrophe? |
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Definition
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Term
| Other than just numbers of cases, what is the expected difference in feline plague cases from natural exposure vs bioterrist release? |
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Definition
| Pneumonic (from bioterrorist) |
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Term
| Other than just numbers of cases, what is the expected difference in cases that a vet might see following a bioterrorist release of tularemia compared to endemic? |
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Definition
| Much more pneumonic cases w/ bioterrorism |
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Term
| What are the Class A bioterrorist agents? Which of these produce clinical disease in the common domestic animals and what would be the expected presentation from bioterrorist release? |
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Definition
| Anthrax (everything – some relative resistance in some animals), plague (cats - dogs show some degree of resistance), smallpox (no domestic animals), tularemia (anything can get it), botulism (flaccid paralysis), viral hemorrhage fever (eg. Ebola, Rift Valley Fever (dogs and cats mild form – farm animals bad), etc.) |
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Term
| Where are tularemia and plague endemic in the USA? |
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Definition
Tularemia: across continental US
Plague: West (including Canada) except the great plains states |
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Term
| Why are agents like plague or tularemia considered (by CDC) to be class A bioterrorist agents and Coxiella burnetti (Q-fever) is a measly class B bioterrorist agent? |
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Definition
| Class A: easily disbursed, survives well, high mortality rate |
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Term
An 8 year old Arabian mare is presented for evaluation of swelling in her legs. On physical examination, this mare has a temperature of 102.5 F. She has a line of painful nodules and lymphatic vessels on both hind limbs. Some nodules have ruptured and are draining purulent exudate. The horse’s respiratory rate is 34 breaths/min and she appears to be in some mild resipratory distress. She coughs frequently during the examination. What foreign animal disease should be on the ruleout list? |
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Definition
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Term
What sort of agent is glanders caused by?
A. bacteria
B. virus
C. prion
D. protozoan
E. rickettsia |
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Definition
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Term
| How is glanders transmitted, and is there a risk of human infection? |
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Definition
| Direct or indirect (fomite) contact with respiratory secretions or skin exudates. There is a risk of human infection. |
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Term
It is 5:00 AM on October 20, and you just got a call from Sam Watts, who owns a cow calf operation out on route 53. He has 175 mother cows. None of the cows have calves now as the calving season begins in February and the calves are weaned in late September. You know they are all supposed to be pregnant since you preg checked 3 weeks ago. It seems that cow has just died and ten have aborted (out of 175) since yesterday. You drive right out to Sam’s place. First you necropsy the dead cow. You note a marked yellow color in the cow’s tissues and find that the liver swollen, yellow, and friable.. You examine the surviving cows and note that around a fourth of them have fevers. Most of the febrile cows have a fetid diarrhea. A few appear to be icteric. Twelve cows (in addition to those Sam knew aborted) are open (ie, not pregnant). Several cows are salivating to a degree that makes you think of some sort of insecticide poisoning. What foreign animal disease ought to be on your ruleout list? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is the Rift Valley Fever transmitted and would humans (e.g., you) be at risk? |
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Definition
| Mosquitoes. Also, human cases can occur via contact with tissue fluids and aerosols as in slaughter plants, dystocia assistance, etc. (this would be important for you to consider in doing necropsies etc.) |
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Term
| study drugs and when to use them- could not put here because product info would be hard to put on this card. good luck! |
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Definition
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