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Face/Skull
anatomy of the face and skull
105
Anatomy
Graduate
01/16/2010

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Cards

Term
Orbicularis Oculi origin
Definition
medial margin of orbit (frontal and maxillary bones) and medial palpebral ligament and lacrimal bone
Term
Orbicularis oculi insertion
Definition
eyelid, sygomatic bone via lateral palpebral ligament
Term
Orbicularis oculi action
Definition
strong closure of the eyelids
Term
Orbicularis Oris origin
Definition
maxilla and mandible and deep aspect of skin
Term
Orbicularis Oris insertion
Definition
mucous membrane of lips
Term
Orbicularis Oris action
Definition

sphincter of the oral opening

compresses and purses lips

Term
Buccinator origin
Definition

alveolar processes of mandible and maxilla

pterygomandibular raphe

Term
Buccinator insertion
Definition
orbicularis oris and lips
Term
Buccinator action
Definition
tenses the cheek, compresses food against the molars and functions with the pharynx during swallowing
Term
Occipitofrontalis origin
Definition

frontal belly from the anterior margin of the galea aponeurotic

Occipital belly from the highest nuchal line

Term
Occipitofrontalis insertion
Definition
frontal belly into the skin of the root of the nose and eyebrow, occipital belly into the post margin of the galea aponeurotica
Term
Occipitofrontalis action
Definition
Moves scelp and raises eyebrows as in surprise
Term
Palpebrae
Definition
eyelids
Term
Internal eyelid covered by:
Definition
palpebral conjunctiva (which is continuous with conjunctiva on the eyeball and cornea, the bulbar conjunctiva)
Term
tarsal plates are connected to entire margin of the orbital rib (anterior entry) by
Definition
orbital septum
Term
Levator palpebrae superioris origin
Definition
roof of the orbit
Term
Superior tarsal muscle runs _____ to levator palpebrae superior
Definition
deep
Term
Superior tarsal muscle insertion
Definition
superior tarsus
Term
Orbicularis oculi muscle innervation
Definition
facial nerve (CN VII)
Term
Levator Palpebrae superioris innervation
Definition
Oculomotor nerve (CNIII)
Term
Superior tarsal muscle innervated by
Definition
Sympathetic fibers conveyed all the way from the superior cervical ganglion of the neck
Term
Inferior tarsal muscle origin
Definition
fascia of the inferior rectus muscle
Term
Inferior tarsal muscle insertion
Definition
inferior tarsus (depresses the lower eyelid)
Term
Innervation of the inferior tarsal muscle
Definition
Sympathetic
Term
Damage to oculomotor nerve
Definition
paralysis of the levator palpebrae superioris and an inability to voluntarily open the eyes
Term
Lacrimal gland innervation
Definition
Parasympathetic fibers conveyed by the facial nerve (CN VII) via the pterygopalatine ganglion
Term
SCALP
Definition

Skin

dense Connective tissue

Aponeurosis

Loose connective tissue

Pericranium

Term
Aponeurosis of scalp contents
Definition
consists of occipitofrontalis muscles and galea aponeurotic
Term
Aponeurosis of scalp innervated by
Definition
facial nerve
Term
infections in scalp usually occur in
Definition
loose connective tissue layer
Term
Facial artery origin
Definition
external carotid artery in the neck
Term
Distribution of facial artery
Definition
Muscles of facial expression and other facial structures via several branches
Term
origin of inferior and superior labial arteries
Definition
facial artery near corner of mouth
Term
Distribution of inferior labial artery
Definition
skin, mucous membranes and muscles of lower lip and adjacent parts of the chin
Term
Superior labial artery distribution
Definition
skin, mucous membranes and muscles of upper lip and adjacent parts of the nose
Term
Lateral nasal artery origin
Definition
facial artery at lateral aspect of the nose
Term
Distribution of lateral nasal artery
Definition
ala and dorsum of the nose
Term
Angular artery origin
Definition
terminal branch of facial artery
Term
Angular Artery anastomose with...
Definition
palpebral branches of the ophthalmic artery (a branch of the internal carotid artery)
Term
Distribution of angular artery
Definition
lower eyelid and superior aspect of cheek
Term
Origin of superficial temporal artery
Definition
terminal branch of external carotid artery arising within the parotid gland posterior to neck of mandible
Term
Distribution of superficial temporal artery
Definition
parotid gland, TMJ, Masseeter and temporalis muscles, the auricle, the lateral scalp and the skin overlying the above structures
Term
Superficial temporal artery anastomoses with:
Definition
its contralateral fellow across the midline of the scalop and with the occipital artery posteriorly
Term
Transverse facial artery origin
Definition
superficial temporal artery within the parotid gland
Term
Transverse Facial artery distribution
Definition
parotid gland, duct and skin and facial muscles in the area
Term
Posterior Auricular Artery origin
Definition
Arises from external carotid artery in the neck
Term
Posterior Auricular Artery branches between
Definition
the auricle and mastoid process
Term
Occipital artery origin
Definition
arises from external carotid artery in the neck
Term
Occipital artery is accompanied by
Definition
the greater occipital nerve
Term
Occipital artery distribution
Definition
posterior scalp anteriorly to the vertex and many of the structures it pierces
Term
Mental artery origin
Definition
terminal branch of interior alveolar artery
Term
mental artery exits from:
Definition
mental foramen of mandible
Term
Mental artery distribution
Definition
facial muscle and skin of chin
Term
Infraorbital artery origin
Definition
maxillary artery
Term
Infraorbital artery exits from:
Definition
infraorbital foramen of maxillae
Term
Infraorbital artery distribution
Definition
facial muscles, lacrimal sac, lower eyelid, cheek and upper lip
Term
Supraorbital origin
Definition
terminal branch of ophthalmic artery in the orbit
Term
Supraorbital artery anastomoses with
Definition
branches of the superficial temporal and occipital arteries
Term
Supraorbital artery distribution
Definition
upper eyelid, muscles, and forehead and scalp posteriorly to vertex
Term
Supratrochlear artery origin
Definition
terminal branch of ophthalmic artery in the orbit
Term
Supratrochlear artery exits
Definition
the orbit medial to the supraorbital artery
Term
Supratrochlear artery distribution
Definition
upper eyelid and forehead
Term
supratrochlear and supraorbital veins join to form the...
Definition
angular vein that becomes the facial vein
Term
Supratrochlear and supraorbital veins are connected to....
Definition
ophthalmic veins, eventually emptying into cavernous venous sinus
Term
Facial nerve origin
Definition
brainstem
Term
Facial nerve exits from
Definition
stylomastoid foramen
Term
Facial nerve distriubiton
Definition
motor fibers to facial and scalp muscles
Term
Ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve (ophthalmic nerve) origin
Definition
arises fromt he trigeminal ganglion
Term
Ophthalmic nerve course
Definition
exits from the middle cranial fossa into the orbit via the superior orbital fissure, divides into lacrimal, frontal and nasociliary branches in the orbit
Term
Ophthalmic nerve distribution
Definition
all branches are sensory- nose, forehead, upper eyelids
Term
Nerves originating from the ophthalmic nerve
Definition

Frontal

Nasociliar

Lacrimal

(all pass through superior orbital fissure)

Term
Frontal nerve Distribution
Definition
Divides into supraorbital and supratrochlear brs.
Term
Nasociliary N distribution
Definition
branches sensory to skin of dorsum and tip of nose and skin and conjunctiva of upper eyelid
Term
Lacrimal Nerve distribution
Definition
sensory to skin and conjunctiva of upper eyelid
Term
Nerves that have an origin of the frontal nerve
Definition

supraorbital

supratrochlear

Term
Supraorbital exits
Definition
supraorbital foramen
Term
Supratrochlear N exits
Definition
orbit medial
Term
Supraorbital N distribution
Definition
Cutaneous to skin of upper eyelid, forehead and scalap posteriorly to vertex
Term
Supratrochlear n distribution
Definition
cutaneous to upper eyelid and central forehead
Term
Maxillary Nerve origin
Definition
trigeminal ganglion
Term
Maxilary course
Definition
exits from the middle cranial fossa into the pterygopalatine fossa via the foramen rotundum
Term
Maxillary N distribution
Definition
all branches are sensory- lower eyelid including conjunctiva, alae of nose, upper lip, cheeks an danterior temporal region
Term
Infraorbital N origin
Definition
Maxillary nerve
Term
Infraorbital n distribution
Definition
branches are cutaneous to lower eyelid including the conjunctiva, side of nose and upper lip
Term
Zygomaticotemporal N distribution
Definition
cutaneous to anterior temple region
Term
Zygomaticofacial Nerve distribution
Definition
cutaneous to skin over cheek bone
Term
Mandibular nerve origin
Definition
trigeminal ganglion
Term
Mandibular nerve exits
Definition
foramen ovale
Term
Distribution of the mandibular nerve
Definition

cutaneous to lower lip, chin, skin over the mandible, anterosuperior part of auricle and lateral aspect of the face

Anterosuperior to ear and adjacent scalp

Term
Inferior Alveolar Nerve origin
Definition
mandibular nerve
Term
Inferior Alveolar nerve distribution
Definition
teeth of lower jaw and adjacent gums- ends as mental n
Term
Auriculotemporal nerve origin
Definition
from two roots from the mandibular nerve in the infratemporal fossa- roots pass around the middle meningeal artery and fuse into a single nerve
Term
Auriculotemporal Nerve exits from
Definition
infratemporal fossa by passing through the parotid gland and ascending between the neck of the mandible and the external acoustic meatus
Term
Auriculotemporal nerve distribution
Definition
cutaneous to anterosuperior aspect of auricle, skin of face anterior to ear and  posterior temporal region and adjacent scalp
Term
Buccal nerve origin
Definition
arises from mandibular nerve in the infratemporal fossa
Term
Buccal distribution
Definition
Cutaneous to cheek overlying the buccinator muscle- sensory to mucosea inside cheek and adjacent gingiva
Term
Mental Nerve Distribution
Definition
Cutaneous to lower lip and chin- mucosa inside lip and adjacent gingiva
Term
Mental nerve origin
Definition
terminal branch of inferior alveolar nerve
Term
Mental Nerve exits
Definition
mental foramen
Term
Great Auricular nerve origin
Definition
ventral rami of C2 and C3
Term
Great Auricular Nerve distribution
Definition
cutaneous to skin over parotid gland and mastoid region and front and back of lower part of auricle
Term
Lesser Occipital origin
Definition
ventral ramus of C2
Term
Location of Parotid gland
Definition
aanterior and inferior to the external acoustic meatus and squeezed between the mastoid process and the mandibular ramus
Term
Parotid duct pierces which muscle
Definition
buccinator m
Term
Parotid gland innervation
Definition
glossopharyngeal nerve via otic ganglion
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