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Eye - Nervous system VI
Lecture Notes - Exam 3 anatomy
24
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
10/15/2013

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Term
Sclera - definition
Definition
"whites" of the eyes (can only see a portion of this - most is behind eyelids)
Term
Cornea - definition
Definition
transparent center part in front of the iris - helps bend/refract light rays
Term
Iris - definition
Definition
pigmented part of the eye - mine are "blue", for ex
Term
Pupil - definition
Definition
opening in the iris - light rays enter
Term
What lines the sclera and eyelid (on the anterior eye but doesn't cover the cornea)?
Definition
conjunctiva
Term
What is conjunctiva?
Definition
mucous membrane, secretes mucous - lines the sclera and eyelid
-it contains blood vessels
Term
What is the function of conjunctiva?
Definition
secretes mucous as a lubricant - it is dried eye goop in the morning
Term
What is conjunctivitis?
Definition
'pink eye' - inflamed conjunctiva - most are viral in origin - does not properly lubricate the eye (thick green, goopy mucous)
Term
What is the lacrimal apparatus and what does it contain?
Definition
-It produces and collects tears (lacrimal fluid)
-It contains water, Na+ (sodium), antibodies (fight infection), and lysozyme (antibacterial agent)
Term
What are the three parts of the lacrimal apparatus?
Definition
lacrimal gland, lacrimal canaliculi, and nasolacrimal duct
Term
lacrimal gland
Definition
produces and secretes tears - on the upper lateral portion of each orbit - secretes tears on a constant basis - when blink, tears lubricate the eye
Term
lacrimal canaliculi
Definition
a canal going from the lacrimal puncti (hole that excess tears go into) to the nasolacrimal duct (which drains tears)
Term
nasolacrimal duct
Definition
drains tears into nasal cavity, where they are eventually swallowed
Term
When a person cries, tears spill onto the cheeks and the person gets a runny rose. Based on your knowledge of the lacrimal apparatus, what is happening?
Definition
• The lacrimal apparatus reaches its threshold and overflows - overproduction of tears overflows the system
Term
medial rectus
Definition
eye muscle that moves the eyes medially - adducts the eye (look at nose)
Term
lateral rectus
Definition
eye muscle that moves the eyes laterally - abducts the eye
Term
superior rectus
Definition
muscle located at top of eyeball - elevates the eye (look up) and moves it medially (adducts eye)
Term
inferior rectus
Definition
muscle located on bottom of eyeball - depresses the eye and moves eye medially
Term
superior oblique
Definition
muscle that attaches to upper back part of eyeball - depresses eye and moves eye laterally
Term
inferior oblique
Definition
muscles that attach to inferior back of eye - elevates eye and moves eye laterally
Term
lens
Definition
biconvex (rounded on both sides) - transparent structure inside the eyeball
-function: to refract (bend) light rays
-held in place by suspensory ligaments (change shape of lens for different types of vision)
Term
What happens to the lens when suspensory ligaments are taut?
Definition
the lens flattens for far vision - allows for less refraction/bending of light rays
Term
What happens to the lens when suspensory ligaments are loose?
Definition
the lens becomes puffier (rounder) for near vision - allows for more refraction/bending of light rays
Term
What is a cataract?
Definition
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