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Exercise Science Unit 1
N/A
28
Physiology
12th Grade
10/24/2012

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Cards

Term
Anatomical Position (3 features)
Definition

1. body upright and standing

2. face and feet facing forward

3. arms at sides palms forward

 

Term
Planes 
Definition
Sagital Frontal and Transversal 
Term
Types of Bones
Definition

1. Long bone (leg)

2. Short Bone (wrists) 

3. Irregular (vertebrea) 

4. Sesamoid (patella) 

5. Flat (skull)

Term
Role of Skeleton 
Definition

1. Structure/Framework

2. Attachment for muscles

3. Protection

4. Nutrients storage

5. Blood cell formation

Term
Parts of the Long Bone
Definition

Ends - epiphysis

Middle - diaphysis 

Outside layer - periosteum 

Either side (near joints) - cartilage 

Inside - medullary cavity 

Under periosteum - compact bone 

in the epiphysis - Cancellous bone 

Term
Fractures
Definition

1. Simple 

2. Compound 

3. Comminuted 

Term
Types of Muscles
Definition

1. Smooth 

2. Skeletal 

3. Cardiac 

Term

Types of Joint 

 

Definition

1. Fibrous Joint (skull)

2. Cartilaginous Joint (spine)

3. Synovial joint (common) 

Term

Types of Synovial Joints 

 

Definition

1. Ball and Socket (shoulder) 

2. Gliding Joint (ankle)

3. Hinge Joint (elbow) 

4. Saddle Joint (thumb) 

5. Pivot Joint (neck) 

6. Ellipsoid Joint (wrist) 

Term
Common Sport Injuries 
Definition

1. Strains/Pulls/Tears

2. Tendinitis

3. Dislocation 

4. Seperation 

5. Cartilage 

6. Shin Splints 

Term
PIER Prinicipal 
Definition

P - Pressure 

I - Ice 

E - Elevation 

R - Rest 

Term
3 Main Nutrients for Energy 
Definition

1. Fats 

2. Proteins 

3. Carbohydrates 

Term
3 Metobolic Pathways 
Definition

1. ATP-PC (Anaerobic Alactic System) 

2. Glycolysis (Anaerobic Lactic System) 

3. Aerobic System

Term
Which Pathway(s) use Oxygen
Definition
Aerobic System
Term
Time Frame for each Metabolic Pathway 
Definition

1. Anaerobic Alactic System - 10-15 seconds 

2. Anerobic Lactic System - 1-3 minutes 

3. Aerobic System - 90s +

Term
What does each Metabolic Pathway use? How much ATP is produced?
Definition

1. Anerobic Alactic System - PC (1 ATP per PC)

2. Anerobic Lactic System - glucose (2 ATP per glucose)

3. Aerobic System - fats/proteins (36 ATP per glucose)

Term
What is the difference between slow twitch and fast twitch muscle fibres?
Definition

Slow - long distance, lower level of tension for longer time frames, red/dark in colour

Fast - short powerful, higher level of tension for shorter times, pale in colour

Term
Parts of the Nervous System 
Definition

CNS - brain and spinal cord 

PNS - cranial nerves and spinal nerves 

Term
Which side of the heart has oxygen
Definition
Left
Term
Path of Blood in the Heart
Definition
Body -> vena cava -> right atrium -> tricuspid valve -> right ventricle -> pulmonary semi-lunar valve -> pulmonary artery -> lungs -> pulmonary vein -> left atrium -> bicuspid valve -> left atrium -> aortic semi-lunar valve -> aorta -> body
Term
Path of the Electricle Energy in Heart
Definition
SA node -> AV node -> Bundle of His -> Purkinje fibres -> myocardium 
Term
"pacemaker"
Definition
SA node (wall of right atrium) 
Term
An ECG tells one.. 
Definition
the contraction of the parts of the heart 
Term
Blood Pressure is.. 
Definition
the pressure on the wall of the arteries
Term
Cardiac Output = 
Definition
Stroke Volume X Heart Rate
Term
Vascular System
Definition

Arteries - away from heart

Arterioles - distribution in tissue 

Capilleries - exchange of gases 

Veins - towards the heart

Term
Conductive Zone
Definition
mouth/nose -> larynx -> trachea -> primary and secondary branchi -> tertiary and terminal bronchioles 
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