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Exam III
Muscular, Nervous and some Olfactory
42
Anatomy
Undergraduate 4
11/02/2014

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Term
Skeletal Muscles
Definition
Attach to skelton
Syncitial (multiple nuclei per cell)
Neurogenic
Must be stimulated by nervous system to contract
Term
Cardiac Muscle
Definition
In heart only
Myogenic
Involuntary contractions
One nucleus per cell
Term
Unitary Smooth Muscle
Definition
In digestive tract, urinary tract, and uterus
Myogenic
Involuntary contractions
Term
Multiunit Smooth Muscle
Definition
Found in blood vessels, iris, and sperm ducts
Neurogenic
Involuntary contraction
Term
Muscle Bundle
Definition
Made of muscle fibers
Term
Muscle Fibers
Definition
AKA Muscle cells
Make up muscle bundles
Made of Myofibrils
Term
Myofibrils
Definition
Made of thick and thin filaments
Make up Muscle Fibers
Term
Actin
Definition
Thin filaments
Make up myofibrils
Term
Myosin
Definition
Thick filaments
Make up myofibrils
Term
[image]
Definition

1. Dendrite

2. Nucleus

3. Nessl Material

4. Schwann Cell

5. Axon

6. Bouton

Term
Muscle Tension
Definition
Force on object by muscle
Term
Load
Definition
Force on muscle by object
Term
Isometric Contraction
Definition
No shortening of muscle
Holds body organs in place
Term
Isotonic Contraction
Definition
Muscle changes in length
Most forms of movement
Term
Slow Oxidative Muscle
Definition
High myoglobin
Slow contraction
Term
Fast Glycotic Muscle
Definition
Breif Rapid movements
Example: Rattle snake tail
Term
Fast Oxidative-Glycotic
Definition
Intermediate contraction speed
Term
Types of Glial Cells
Definition
Oligodendrocytes
Astrocytes
Microglia
Term
Oligodendrocytes
Definition
Stem Cells
Eventually become motor neurons
Term
Lamprey Olfactory
Definition
One nostril
Olfactory Sac
Hypophyseal Sac (Pituitary, detects hormonal changes, and guides to spawning grounds)
Term
Gnathostome Olfactory
Definition
Nares (incurrent and excurrent)
Pleated olfactory sac increases SA for more absortion
Water suction
Term
Hearing in fish by lateral line
Definition
Hairs in LL are similar to ear hear and detect sound waves/motion in liquid
Term
Steriocilia
Definition
Ear hairs that respond to movement/waves in liquid inside cochlea
Term
Jacobson's Organ
Definition
Absent in aquatics
Accessory olfactory bulb
Detects pheromones
Flehmen Response
Term
Flehmen Response
Definition
Curling back upper lip exposing teeth and inhaling to get better smelling
Term
Forebrain
Definition
Optic Vesicles
Pituitary
Telencephalon
Cerebrum
Olfactory Bulbs
Lateral ventricles
Diencephalon
Thalmus and Hypothalmus
Optic Chiams
3rd Ventricle
Term
Mid Brain
Definition
Optic Tectum
Torus Semicircularis
Tegmentum
Term
Hind Brain
Definition
Metencephalon
Cerebellum
Pons
Myelencephalon
Medulla Oblongata
Term
Cranial Layers
Exterior to Interior
Definition
Skin
Periosteum
Bone
Dura Mater (outer layer lining skull)
Arachnoid (contains blood vessesls)
Pia Mater (covers Brain)
Term
Octovolateral System
Definition
Combined vestibuloauditory system and lateral line system
Fibers from the ear send signals via 8th CN
Lateral line sends signals via 7,9, and 10
Term
Cranial Nerve 1
Definition
Olfactory
Term
Cranial Nerve 2
Definition
Optical
Term
Cranial Nerve 3
Definition
Oculomotor
Term
Cranial Nerve 4
Definition
Trochlear
Term
Cranial Nerve 5
Definition
Trigeminal
Term
Cranial Nerve 6
Definition
Abduscens
Term
Cranial Nerve 7
Definition
Facial
Term
Cranial Nerve 8
Definition
Auditory-Vestibulocochlear
Term
Cranial Nerve 9
Definition
Glossopharyngeal
Term
Cranial Nerve 10
Definition
Vagus
Term
Cranial Nerve 11
Definition
Accessory
Term
Cranial Nerve 12
Definition
Hypoglossal
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