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Exam II
Ski, Bone, and Joints
45
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
02/26/2012

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Two layers of Skin
Definition

Epidermis

Dermis

Term
Epidermis
Definition
Superficial to dermis, keratimized stratified squamous epithelim, no blood vessels
Term
Five layers of Epidermis
Definition

1) Stratum basale

2) Stratum Spinosum

3)Stratum Granulosum

4)Stratum Lucidum

5)Stratum Corneum

Term
Four Cells of Stratum Basale
Definition

1) Stem Cells-- produce epithelium

2) Keratinocytes-- produce tough fibers

3)Malanocytes-- produce protective pigment

Merkel (Tactile)-- cells that sense touch

Term
Stratum Basale
Definition
deepest laye, cuboidal or law columnar cells sitting on basesment membrane, receive nutrients from conective tissue beneath
Term
Stratum Spinosum
Definition

2nd deepest laye, thickest layer, contain cells that alert immune system

Dendritic cells- modify macrophages from bone marrow

Term
Stratum Gransulosum
Definition

cells are dying, releases lipids from vesicles

Barriers: waterproof, prevent dehydration

Term
Stratum Lucidum
Definition
In thick skin only, no nuclei or organnells, filled with eleidin
Term
Stratum Corneum
Definition
surface cells fake off exfoliate, resistant to abrasion and water loss
Term
Dermis
Definition

connective tissue composed of mainly collegen with elastic/reticular  fibers

Vascular--contains blood

Term
Dermal papillae
Definition
are upwards extensions of the dermis into epidermis forming the ridges of fingerprints
Term
2 layes of dermis
Definition

1) Papillary-- loosely organized areolar tissues

2) Reticular-- dense irregular connective tissues, responsible for strach, contains adipocytes

Term
Hypodermis
Definition

Known as suncutaneous or suprerficial fossa, more adipose then dermis

Energy reseviors

Thermal insulation

 

Term
Skin color pigmentaion
Definition

1) Hemoglobin-- pigment of blood, visible through dermal collegen

2) Carotene-- is yellow pigment from diet

3) Melanocytes-- pigment produce by melanocytes (heredity)

Term
Cynosis
Definition
Blueness resulting from deficiency of oxygen in the circulating blood
Term

 

[image] Erythema
Definition

 

[image]Redness due to dilated cutaneous vessels
Term

 

[image]Jaundice
Definition

 

[image]Yellowing of skin & sclera
Term
Bronzing
Definition

 

[image]Golden-brown color
Term

 

[image]Pallor
Definition

 

[image]Pale color from lack of blood flow
Term
  Albinism
Definition
[image]Genetic lack of melanin
Term

 

[image]Hemotoma
Definition

 

[image]Bruise (visible clotted blood)
Term

 

[image]Hemangiomas
Definition

 

[image]Birthmarks, 
[image]discolored skin caused by benign tumors of dermal blood capillaries
Term

 

[image]Freckles
Definition
Flat aggregation of melonocytes
Term
moles
Definition

 

[image]Elevated melanized skin
Term
Friction ridges
Definition

 

[image]leave oily fingerprints on touched surfaces
Term
Flexion creases
Definition

 

[image]form after birth by repeated closing of the hand
Term
Flexion line  
Definition
form in wrist & elbow areas
Term
Shaft
Definition

 

[image]is visible above skin
Term
Root
Definition

 

[image]is below within follicle
Term
Follicle
Definition

 

[image]is oblique tube within the skin
Term
Bulb
Definition
is swelling in base where hair originates
Term
Hirsutism
Definition

 

[image]abnormal hairiness in women or children
Term

 

[image]Sebaceous glands
Definition

 

produce oily  
prevents dry, brittle, cracked skin/hair
open into hair follicle or skin surface
Term

 

[image]Ceruminous glands
Definition

 

external ear canal
produce  
waterproof keeps eardrum flexible
bitterness repel mites & other pests
Term
Mammary glands
Definition
Milk
Term
Dermattis
Definition

 

[image]inflammation
Term
Thinea (Ring worm)
Definition

 

[image]fungal infection
Term
Rosacea
Definition
red rash of nose & cheeks
Term
Sebrorrheic dermatitis
Definition

 

 
 recurring patches of scaly white and/or yellow inflammation
Term
Warts
Definition
viral ifection
Term
Psoriasis
Definition

 

[image]Abnormal epithelial growth
Term

 

[image]basal cell carcinoma
Definition

 

arises from cells of the stratum basale & invades dermis
treated by surgical removal & radiation
least likely form of skin cancer to metastasize
Term

 

[image]Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Definition

 

arises from keratinocytes in the stratum spinosum
if neglected, metastasis to the lymph nodes can be lethal
Term
Maligment melanoma
Definition

 

arises from melanocytes of a preexisting mole
ABCD--asymmetry, border irregular, color mixed & diameter over 6 mm
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