| Term 
 | Definition 
 
        | Period from development of fertilized egg to death |  | 
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        | Term 
 | Definition 
 
        | Physiological changes that result from a change in timing of development of a structure relative to its ancestor |  | 
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        | Term 
 | Definition 
 
        | Retention of embryonic or larval characteristics in a sexually mature adult |  | 
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        | Term 
 | Definition 
 
        | Development of entirely new shapes beyond a typical sexually mature adult |  | 
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        | Term 
 | Definition 
 
        | Traits develop independently but are shared by different taxa and not derived from the most recent ancestor |  | 
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        | Term 
 | Definition 
 
        | Specific derived similarities |  | 
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        | Term 
 | Definition 
 | 
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        | Term 
 | Definition 
 
        | Similar character due to shared ancestry |  | 
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        | Term 
 | Definition 
 
        | Similar characters not derived from a shared ancestor |  | 
        |  | 
        
        | Term 
 | Definition 
 
        | 1) Pharyngeal pouches 2) Endostyle groove/Thyroid
 3) Notochord
 4) Dorsal hollow nerve chord
 5) Post anal tail in embryo/larva
 |  | 
        |  | 
        
        | Term 
 
        | Chordate Phylogeny contains: |  | Definition 
 
        | 1) Tunicates 2) Amphioxus
 3) Craniates
 |  | 
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        | Term 
 | Definition 
 
        | Hardened teeth for crushing and consuming hard shelled organisms |  | 
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        | Term 
 | Definition 
 
        | Tail where top (dorsal) and bottom (ventral) parts are equal in size |  | 
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        | Term 
 | Definition 
 
        | Tail which the top (dorsal) part is larger than the ventral |  | 
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        | Term 
 | Definition 
 
        | Tail which has equal top and bottom halves and the vertebral column runs to the tip |  | 
        |  | 
        
        | Term 
 | Definition 
 
        | Jaw attached directly to cranium Mandibular arch not supported by hyomandibula
 Present in Dipnomorpha and Tetrapoda
 |  | 
        |  | 
        
        | Term 
 | Definition 
 
        | Mandibular arch supported in part by the hyomandibula Present in Actinopterygians
 |  | 
        |  | 
        
        | Term 
 | Definition 
 
        | Mandibular arch supported primarily by hyomandibula Present in Chondrichthyes
 |  | 
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