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Exam I
Terms and Concepts on exam 1
18
Anatomy
Undergraduate 4
09/01/2014

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Term
Ontogeny
Definition
Period from development of fertilized egg to death
Term
Heterochrony
Definition
Physiological changes that result from a change in timing of development of a structure relative to its ancestor
Term
Paedomorphosis
Definition
Retention of embryonic or larval characteristics in a sexually mature adult
Term
Peramorphosis
Definition
Development of entirely new shapes beyond a typical sexually mature adult
Term
Homoplasy
Definition
Traits develop independently but are shared by different taxa and not derived from the most recent ancestor
Term
Synapomorphy
Definition
Specific derived similarities
Term
Plesiomorphy
Definition
Ancestral trait
Term
Homology
Definition
Similar character due to shared ancestry
Term
Homoplasy
Definition
Similar characters not derived from a shared ancestor
Term
Chordate Synapomorphies
Definition
1) Pharyngeal pouches
2) Endostyle groove/Thyroid
3) Notochord
4) Dorsal hollow nerve chord
5) Post anal tail in embryo/larva
Term
Chordate Phylogeny contains:
Definition
1) Tunicates
2) Amphioxus
3) Craniates
Term
Durophagy
Definition
Hardened teeth for crushing and consuming hard shelled organisms
Term
Homocercal Tail
Definition
Tail where top (dorsal) and bottom (ventral) parts are equal in size
Term
Heterocercal Tail
Definition
Tail which the top (dorsal) part is larger than the ventral
Term
Diphycercal Tail
Definition
Tail which has equal top and bottom halves and the vertebral column runs to the tip
Term
Autostylic Jaw
Definition
Jaw attached directly to cranium
Mandibular arch not supported by hyomandibula
Present in Dipnomorpha and Tetrapoda
Term
Amphistylic Jaw
Definition
Mandibular arch supported in part by the hyomandibula
Present in Actinopterygians
Term
Hyostylic Jaw
Definition
Mandibular arch supported primarily by hyomandibula
Present in Chondrichthyes
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