Term
| Describe the Triadan numbering system. |
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Definition
| -4 quadrants starting at upper right going clockwise |
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Term
| What are the basic components of the teeth? |
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Definition
-enamel
-dentin
-pulp
-cementum |
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Term
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Definition
-hardest, most donse substance in bone
-not living = cannot reproduce/repair itself |
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Term
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Definition
-bulk of the tooth
-protects the tooth
-cream-colored |
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Term
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Definition
-soft tissue w/in pulp cavities contaiing nn, vv, aa = nutrition for dentin & odontoblasts
-pulp cavity reduces w/ age |
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Term
| Which teeth are incisors? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which teeth are premolars? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| When do deciduous incisors erupt? Permanents? |
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Definition
-Deciduous: 6d, 6w, 6m
-Permanent: 2.5y, 3.5y, 4.5y |
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Term
| What are the exceptions for permanent incisor eruption? |
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Definition
-Belgian draft horses & ponies
-3y, 4y, 5y |
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Term
| Why is incisor eruption time important? |
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Definition
-aging horses
-detect retained teeth
-traumatic tooth loss |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| How is the canine pulp cavity special? |
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Definition
-w/in 5mm of surface
-DO NOT GRIND OFF!!! |
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Term
| What are the wolf teeth? When do they come in? |
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Definition
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Term
| Do we take out wolf teeth? |
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Definition
| -not unless they are causing issues |
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Term
| When do deciduous premolars (06s-08s) come in? Permanent? |
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Definition
-w/in first week of life
-2.5y, 3, 4 |
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Term
| Why is premolar eruption important? |
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Definition
| -retained deciduous teeth (caps) |
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Term
| Describe deciduous teeth. |
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Definition
-whiter
-smaller w/ distinct neck b/n crown and root (incisors)
-occlusal surfaces normally worn flat in young animals |
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Term
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Definition
-cap is broken away from gingival margin
-cap is loose
-according to eruption schedue |
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Term
| What are the major key points for cap removal? |
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Definition
-if cap firmly attached & not broken gingival margin, recheck in 2w
-if not shed in 4w, take rads to see if permanent tooth is present
-exposure before it is time can result in cemental hypoplasia |
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Term
| Do horses have deciduous molars? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-09s-11s
-9-15m, 2-4y, 3.5-4y |
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Term
| Why is it important to know about molars? |
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Definition
| -most common cause of sinusitis in the horse is tooth root abscess in moalrs |
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Term
| Which teeth do we use to age? |
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Definition
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Term
| When do dental starts appear? Exceptions? |
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Definition
-5, 6, 7-8y
-6m earlier in ponies & drafts |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is our major caution with using a speculum in a horse w/ bad TMJ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do FB most commonly occur in the horse? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do we percuss the sinuses? |
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Definition
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Term
| What distance of a rostral-caudal motion should be present in foals? Adults? |
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Definition
-foals: 3-4mm
-adults: 6-8mm |
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Term
| Why is rostra-caudal motion important? |
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Definition
| -hooks or ramps will rpevent this motion |
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Term
| What is the normal rostral-caudal motion? |
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Definition
| -mandible pulls forward as head gos down & vice versa |
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Term
| Why is lateral jaw excursion important? |
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Definition
-should be able to get 10-15mm sideways
-will be prevented w/ enamel overgrowths |
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Term
| Why do we use chlorhex w/ dentals? |
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Definition
| -has 72h of abx time in mouth |
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