Term
| In llama, in which uterine horn does pregnancy occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| At which age do females start showing follicular waves and signs of estrus? |
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Definition
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Term
| At which age do we begin using male camelids? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the seasonality of camelid estrous cycle in South America? What about here? |
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Definition
-Season breeders in antive South America: Dec to March
-Cycle year-round in N. America |
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Term
| What factor in the seminal plasma induces ovulation in camelids? How many matings is required? |
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Definition
-beta-NGF
-one mating is sufficient |
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Term
| Approximately how long is camelid estrus? |
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Definition
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Term
| What indicates sexual receptivity in camelids? |
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Definition
| -cushing in the presence of a male |
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Term
| Describe camelid copulation. |
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Definition
-prepuce pulled cranially
-prolonged copulation and ejaculation: 15-30 mins
-ejaculate intrauterine |
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Term
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Definition
| -the yelling of female camelids during copulation |
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Term
| When does diestrus occur in the camelid? When does luteolysis occur? |
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Definition
-following mating that fails to induce pregnancy
-luteolysis occurs after 12 days in absence of pregnancy |
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Term
| How long does pregnancy take in the camelid? Is the pregnancy CL dependent? |
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Definition
-340-345 dyas
-CL dependent throughout pregnancy |
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Term
| What kind of placenta occurs in the camelid? |
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Definition
| -diffuse epitheliochorial placenta |
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Term
| How long does parturition take in camelids? Describe the length of the stages. |
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Definition
-3-3.5 hours in duration
-Stage I < 4-6h
-Stage II 30-45 mins
-Stage III < 4-6h |
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Term
| What time of day does most camelid parturition occur? |
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Definition
| >90% of births b/n 7am and 1pm |
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Term
| What are the most common causes of dystocia in camelids? |
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Definition
-fetal maldisposition and long neck, extremities
-uterine torsion |
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Term
| How do we treat uterine torsion in camelids? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe modified pastrue breeding in camelids. |
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Definition
-introduce male for limited period 7-14 dyas
-remove male
-reintroduce and note receptivity 14-21 days after removal |
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Term
| Describe hand mating in camelids. |
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Definition
-high labor compared to other methods but best overall efficiency when well done
-earlier ID of repro problems
-tease and breed when follicle is over 7mm in diemeter |
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Term
| What tools do we use for repro exam in female camelids? |
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Definition
-transrectal palpation and U/S
-uterine cytology, small volume lavage |
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Term
| Why do BSEs not work all that well in male camelids? |
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Definition
| -complicated by prolonged ejaculation |
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Term
| How do we change BSEs in male camelids? |
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Definition
-aspirate from uterus of female
-use of dummy and AV
0electroejaculation |
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Term
| What drug do we use to induce luteolysis in camelids? |
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Definition
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Term
| What drugs do we use to induce parturition in camelids? |
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Definition
| -CL dependent = PGF/Cloprostenol |
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Term
| HOw do we perform a repro exam in male camelids? |
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Definition
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