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Exam 3 Nervous system
Chp 14-19
88
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
11/08/2012

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Cards

Term
Node of Ravier
Definition
Dimple or indent in myelin sheath
Term
dendrites
Definition
input
Term
axon
Definition
output
Term
nissil bodies
Definition
dense areas of ER in neuron cell body
Term
Oligodendrites
Definition
form myelin sheath in CNS
Term
Schwann cells
Definition
form myelin sheath in PNS
Term
Microglial Cells
Definition
protect cell from invaders
phagocytes of nervous system
Term
Satellite Cells
Definition
Protect Soma of PNS neurons
Term
Ependymal Cells
Definition
secrete Cerebrospinal Fluid
Term
Astrocytes
Definition
Blood/Brain barrier
Term
Longitudinal Fissure
Definition
Seperates brain hemispheres
Term
Sulcus
Definition
Groove
Term
Gyrus
Definition
Worm-like Bulges
(between sulcus
Term
Arbor Vitae
Definition
Tree of life
Cerebellum
Term
Falx Cerebri
Definition
Longitudinal Fissure
Term
Falx Cerebelli
Definition
Seperates cerebellum in half
Term
Teretorium Cerebelli
Definition
Tent that seperates cerebellum from cerebrum
Term
Lateral Ventricles
Definition
"Wings"
One in each hemisphere
Term
Third Ventricle
Definition
"Third Eye"
Face
Term
Fourth Ventricle
Definition
Near Cerebellum
Term
Plexus
Definition
Common Orgin for PNS
Term
Phrenic Nerve
Definition
Diagphragm
Term
Axillary Nerve
Definition
Ends under deltoid
Term
Radial Nerve
Definition
Ends radius
Term
Ulnar Nerve
Definition
Medial
Term
Median Nerve
Definition
in between
Term
Musculocutaneous
Definition
Lateral
Term
Intercostal Nerves
Definition
"between-ribs"
Term
Femoral Nerve
Definition
Anterior to Femur
Term
Sciatic nerve
Definition
Posterior to Femur
Term
Autonomous Nervous system
Definition
Controls involuntary muscle contractions
Term
Electrical synapse
Definition
gap junction
Ions jump between gaps
Term
Chemical synapse
Definition
Most common in humans
Neurotransmitters
Term
Myelin
Definition
Fatty substance wrapped around axon
Term
Myelin sheath
Definition
increases speed of impulse conduction
Term
Presynaptic neuron
Definition
"terminal button"
Neuron before synapse
Term
Postsynaptic neuron
Definition
neuron after synapse
receives signal
Term
Synaptic cleft
Definition
Space between pre-post synaptic neurons
Term
Synaptic vessicles
Definition
packets of neurotransmitters
Term
Neurotransmitters
Definition
Chemicals sent throughout the brain that communicate to other neurons
Term
receptors (synapse)
Definition
receives and binds with neurotransmitters
Term
channels (synapse)
Definition
open up for Ion flow
Term
Excitatory
Definition
cell gets pumped
increase in activity
Term
Inhibitory
Definition
Cell chills out
decrease in activity
Term
Motor neurons
Definition
conducts nerve impulses from CNS to BODY
Term
Sensory neurons
Definition
conducts nerve impulses from BODY to CNS
Term
Nerves
Definition
enclosed, cable-like bundle of axons that coordinate actions of animals and transmit signals
Term
Neural pathway
Definition
connects one part of the nervous system to another.
Term
White matter
Definition
bundles of elongated, myelin-insulated neurons
Transmits signals from one area of grey matter to another
Term
Grey matter
Definition
CNS
contains neural cell bodies
no myelin blanket
cannot send signals far away
Term
Ganglia
Definition
tissue mass of nerve cell bodies, that when together create a system called a plexus
Term
Nucleus (nervous system)
Definition
brain structure
distinct, compact cluster of neurons
Term
Dura Mater
Definition
"Tough Mother" meninge
dense, irregular CT
Term
Arachnoid
Definition
"spider-like net" meninge
membrane of collagen and elastin fibers
Term
Pia mater
Definition
"delicate mother" meninge
areolar CT
highly vascularized
Term
Meninges
Definition
protective CT membranes that surround, support, and stabilize brain
Term
Cranial Dural Septa
Definition
Flat partitions in four locations of the cranial cavity
(Falx Cerebri)
(Tentorium Cerebelli)
(Flax Cerebelli)
Term
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
Definition
clear liquid
circulates in ventricles
bathes exposed surfaces of CNS
surrounds brain and spinal cord
Term
Frontal Lobe
Definition
Motor commands, speech, personality
Term
Parietal lobe
Definition
somatosensory
Term
Temporal lobe
Definition
auditory, smell
Term
occipital lobe
Definition
visual
Term
Insula
Definition
memory, taste
Term
Corpus callosum
Definition
connects both sides of brain to communicate
Term
Transverse fissure
Definition
separates cerebrum from cerebellum
Term
Longitudinal fissure
Definition
separates cerebral hemispheres
Term
Central sulcus
Definition
separates frontal and parietal lobes
Term
Parieto-occipital sulcus
Definition
separates parietal and occipital lobes
Term
lateral sulcus
Definition
separates temporal and frontal/parietal lobes
Term
Precentral gyrus
Definition
anterior to central sulcus
Term
postcentral gyrus
Definition
posterior to central sulcus
Term
Cerebral cortex
Definition
site of consciousness
gray matter on the superficial surface of cerebrum
Term
Motor areas
Definition
Frontal lobe
Voluntary skeletal muscle movement
(Going out)
Term
Primary motor cortex
Definition
(precentral gyrus)
voluntary muscle movements
Term
Motor speech area
Definition
(Broca's area)(left side)
Speech and breathing patterns
Term
Frontal eye field
Definition
Voluntary muscle movements of the eyes
(anterior to motor cortex)
Term
Cerebral peduncles
Definition
tracts connecting pons and cerebrum
Term
Pons
Definition
respiratory center
Term
medulla oblongata
Definition
Regulates heartbeat and breathing, blood pressure, swallowing
(VITAL FUNCTIONS)
Term
Vermis
Definition
Connects cerebellar hemispheres
Term
Cerebellum
Definition
coordinates body movements
Balance
Term
Spinal cord
Definition
Lumbar and sacral nerves
Term
Anterior (ventral) horns
Definition
motor neurons
Term
Posterior (dorsal) horns
Definition
sensory neurons
Term
Gray comminssure
Definition
connects 2 sides of spinal cord
Term
Central Canal (Spinal Cord)
Definition
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
Term
Posterior root
(Dorsal root ganglion)
Definition
Sensory neuron bodies
Term
Anterior root (ventral root)
Definition
Motor axons
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