Term
| What's the average age of puberty in the dog? |
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Definition
-6-10 months
-giant breeds tend to be later |
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Term
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Definition
| -estrus without ovulation |
|
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Term
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Definition
| -ovulation without estrus |
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Term
| By which estrus cycle can you responsibly be a dog? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Describe the cyclicity of the canine estrus cycle. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| On average how many estrus cycles do dogs have a year? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| How does the vaginal epithelium change in the bitch during estrus? |
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Definition
| -metaplasia with increased cellular height |
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Term
| What are the phases of the canine repro cycle? |
|
Definition
-proestrus
-estrus
-diestrus
-anestrus |
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Term
| What are the clinical signs of proestrus? |
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Definition
-swollen and turgid vulva
-serosanguineous VULVAR discharge
-attract male |
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Term
| How does proestrus appear on vaginal cytology? |
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Definition
| -increasing in proportion of cornified epithelial cells |
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Term
| How will proestrus appear on vaginoscopy? |
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Definition
| -swollen and edematous vaginal walls |
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Term
| Describe the endocrine environment of proestrus in the canine? |
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Definition
| -high E2, high T2, low P4 |
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Term
| How long does proestrus last in the canine? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are the clinical signs of estrus in the canine? |
|
Definition
-sexually receptive: flagging
-vulvar diacharge, vulva may be more relaxed
-straw-colored discharge |
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Term
| How does canine estrus appear on vaginal cytology? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| How does estrus appear on vaginoscopy? |
|
Definition
| -walls appear crenulated with increasing progesterone |
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Term
| Describe the endocrine environment of canine estrus? |
|
Definition
-inc P4, dec E2
-pre-luteinization follicles |
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Term
| On average, how long does the canine estrus last? |
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Definition
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Term
| In the dog, the LH surge occurs within __-__ days of full cornification. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| When is day 0 for the dog? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| How long after the LH surge does ovulation occur in the dog? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Female dogs ovulate primary or secondary oocytes? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are the clinical signs of diestrus? |
|
Definition
-bahvioral estrus may persist 1-3 days after cytological diestrus
-non-receptive for most of period
-mammary development, etc at end of diestrus |
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Term
| How does canine diestrus appear on vaginal cytology? |
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Definition
-sudden decrease in percent cornification
-50% parabasal cells |
|
|
Term
| How does diestrus appear on vaginoscopy? |
|
Definition
| -crenulated, pale, rosette sign |
|
|
Term
| Describe the endocrine environment of canine diestrus? |
|
Definition
-high P4: CL dependent throughout pregnancy
-relaxin inc only in pregannt dogs
-de novo GH synthesis by mammary glands under P4 stimulation |
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|
Term
| How long does diestrus last in the dog? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the duration of diestrus in the pregnant vs non-pregnant canine? |
|
Definition
-same
-no maternal recognition of pregnancy
-all females are pseudopregnant with the clinical signs
-P4 and prolactin differences are not clinically significant b/n pregnant and nonpregnant animals |
|
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Term
| How long does pregnancy last in the dog? |
|
Definition
-LH surge to parturition: 65 +/- 2 days
-Ovulation to parturition 63 +/- 2 days
-cytological diestrus to parturition: 57 +/- 2 days |
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|
Term
| When does the canine embryo enter the uterus? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What hormone is the canine pregnancy dependent on? Where does it come from? |
|
Definition
-Progesterone
-CL dependent |
|
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Term
| What in the canine produces relaxin? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What produces GH in the pregnant canine? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| What are the clinical signs of anestrus? |
|
Definition
| -reproductively quiescent |
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|
Term
| How does canine anestrus appear on vaginal cytology? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does anestrus appear on vaginoscopy? |
|
Definition
-white, thin walls
-not edematous or wrinkled |
|
|
Term
| Describe the endocrine environment of canine anestrus? |
|
Definition
| -still some activity: FSH, LH, E2 but lower |
|
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Term
| How long does canine anestrus last? |
|
Definition
-90-150 days
-at least 120 days required for endometrial repair --> lower fertility if less than 120 days |
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|
Term
| What 5 aspects of the repro cycle are unique to dogs? |
|
Definition
-monoestrus
-pre-ovulatory luteinization of follicles
-estrus behavior with dec E2 and inc P4
-ovulaltion of primary oocytes
-no maternal recognition of pregnancy |
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