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Exam 3
PP 29
19
Veterinary Medicine
Professional
05/01/2016

Additional Veterinary Medicine Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Describe the size of the large bowel.
Definition
-lager than the small bowel
-Dogs: should be <1-1.5X the length of L7
-Cats: max is L5 diameter
Term
What size bowel counts as megacolon in a cat?
Definition
-megacolon >1.48
Term
How thick is the wall of the large bowel?
Definition
-2mm (half that of the small bowel)
Term
Describe the shape of the colon.
Definition
-appears as a tubular question mark or sheperd hook on VD view
Term
Describe the shape of the cecum in the dog and cat.
Definition
-Dogs: large, coiled, or corkscrew cecum
-Cats: small, comma-shaped cecum
Term
Describe the normal location of the cecum.
Definition
-right mid abdomen
Term
Describe the normal location of ascending colon.
Definition
-right abdomen
Term
Describe the normal locaiton of the descending colon.
Definition
-left mid abdomen to pelvic canal/rectum (location can be variable)
Term
Can we evaluate the mucosal surface of the large bowel with plain survey radiographs?
Definition
-no
Term
What is the purpose of a pneumocolon?
Definition
-used to localize and ID the colon
-aids in determining large and small bowel
-often aids in the ID of a colonic intussusception
Term
That are some of the causes of a colon that is decreased in size? (aka stricture)
Definition
-mural masses: neoplasia, granuloma, etc
-extramural masses: LN, prostate, etc
-inflammation: colitis
-spasm
Term
What are some of the causes of a colon that is increased in size?
Definition
-Generalized: megacolon, esp in cats
-Localized: proximal to colonic obstruction, mass lesions, intussception
Term
Definition: Constipation
Definition
-infrequent or difficult defecation associated with the retention of feces
Term
Definition: Obstipation
Definition
-contipatiion that is refractory to treatment, which occurs where there is permanent loss of function
Term
Definition: Megacolon
Definition
-a persistent irreversible increase in colon diameter
-this is the most advanced stage in the spectrum of chronic constipation
Term
How do we make a radiographic diagnosis of megacolon?
Definition
-history of chronic constipation/obstipaiton that is nonresponsive to medical treatment
-the presence of an enlarged distended colon filled iwth fecal mateiral
Term
What are some examples of the causes of megacolon?
Definition
-traumatic pelvic canal narrowing
-nutritional
-metabolic
-idiopathic
-spinal anomalies
-neuromuscular dz
-perineal hernias
-congenital anomalies
-strictures
-sublumbar lymphadenopathy
-prostatomegaly
Term
What are the three major types of intussusception?
Definition
-ileocolic, cecocolic, and colocolic
Term
How does an intussusception appear radiographically?
Definition
-variable
-soft tissue mass associated with the colon
-may appear as homogenous soft tissue opacity of the colon
-meniscus sign
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