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exam 3
new deal - WW2
64
History
Undergraduate 2
03/19/2012

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Term
Banking Holiday
Definition
Closing banks so people could not rush to take all of their money out of the bank.
Term
Emergency Banking Act of 1933
Definition
March 1933. Because of the banking holiday, it pushed the act to pass within 8 hours. Passed by voice. Validated the actions FDR had taken when he suspended banking operations. Set up rules to examine banks. Authorized RFC to buy stock in banks. Public had confidence in the banks again.
Term
National Industrail Recovery Act (NIRA)
Definition
June 1933. Rivive industrial and business activity. Self-regulation under government supervision. Draw up a code of fair competition. Codes forced law within the industry. Set minimum price for industry. Limit Production. Regulated credit terms. Each Code had to have Section 7a to protect labor.
Term
Section 7a
Definition
Protect labor. Recognized unions, guaranteed minimum wage. Maximum hours as directed by the president.
Term
Schecter Poultry Case
Definition
Only Congress can make laws. Not the president. The supreme court declared it unconstitutional in 1935. Illegal delegation of legislative powers to the president.
Term
Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)
Definition
raise the price for agriculture goods by paying the farmer to produce less and thus create more demand for his product. Government would pay the farmer to plant less acres of basic agricultural crops.
Term
Butler Case
Definition
The Supreme Court Declared the act unconstitutional on the grounds that the processing tax was an unconstitutional use of taxing power.
Term
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
Definition
March 1933. Men only between ages of 18-25. Worked on projects like soil erosion, flood control, national parks, road construction, built water towers, fought fires. Paid $30 a month, $25 was sent home to their parents. By the end of 1941, it gave employment to about 2 1/2 million youths.
Term
Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)
Definition
May 1933. & terminated December 1935. Headed by Harry Hopkins. Set up to give deirect relief to the states and local relief agencies. Congress appropriated $500 million for its use. State and local agencies to determine how the money was used.
Term
Harry Hopkins
Definition
A social worker who headed relief agency in NY when FDR was govenor. Headed FERA, CWA, & WPA. Always included teachers, artists, & arts.
Term
Public Works Administration (PWA)
Definition
Headed by Harold Ikes. Created jobs in heavy construction. The projects that required large quantities of material. The government spent about $6 billion between 1933 & 1939.
Term
Harold Ikes
Definition
Headed PWA. the Secretary of Interior
Term
Civil Works Administration (CWA)
Definition
November 1933. Lasted 1 year. Headed by Hopkins. Set up to offset a business recession that was hitting the nation at the time. -PWA not getting started fast enough. Purpose- make work immediately. Completely by Federal in operations- federal payroll. Terminated in March 1934. given employment to 4 million during its existence and poured $1 billion into the economy. (funds from FERA & PWA). Improved roads, schools, playgrounds, parks, airports, ect. Ended up with an order by FDR because he feared that it was setting up a permanent class of reliefs.
Term
Frazier- Lempke Act
Definition
June 1934. famers pay adequate rent to bank. Postponed mortagage foreclosures if the farmer paid adequate rent (courts to determine what the rent would be during the period).
Term
Federal Housing Administration (FHA)
Definition
June 18, 1934. Set up FHA to insure loans made by private institutions for housing construction and remodeling or repairs. Private institution to build houses.
Term
Glass- Steagall Banking Act
Definition
June 1933. Restricted the speculative use of bank funds. Created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)to insure all deposits up to $5,000. Restricted the use of bank funds.
Term
Federal Deposit Insurance Copooration (FDIC)
Definition
Guarentees insurance on money up to $5,000. under the Glass- Steagall Banking Act.
Term
Truth in Securities Act
Definition
May 1933. Directed against the stock market. The public demanded the government to regulate the stock market. The act compelled all brokers and inssuers of stock to furnish complete information regarding the true nature and value of stock being sold. directed against stock market. Stock brokers had to provide ALL information.
Term
Securities Exchange Commission (SEC)
Definition
June 1934. Set up by Securities Exchange Act. Coporation whose securities were traded on the exhange were required to register with the SEC and provide accuarate and up to date info. What got Martha Stewart in trouble. register here to input up to date info.
Term
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
Definition
May 1933. Government corporation set up by law. This corporation produced electricity which it then sells the electricity to the public; the rates are usually cheaper than private company rates. Competes with private enterprise.
Term
Second Agricultural Adjustment Act
Definition
pay farmers to grow less acres. did not include special tax.
Term
Works Progress Administration (WPA)
Definition
April 1935. Headed by Harry Hopkins. Light contrustion. Included street lights. Didnt include major skills & training. Spent $10 billion to give employment. Program coninued till Early 1943.
Term
Rural Electrification Administration (REA)
Definition
May 1935. To provide laons & WPA for extensions of power lines into rural areas not served by private companies.
Term
National Youth Administration. (NYA)
Definition
June 1935. Headed by Aubrey Williams of Alabama. provide part-time employment for HS & college students and all those not in schoool. Selected on the need basis and the schools controlled selection. Designed to help HS & college students continue their education.
Term
Farm Secrurity Administration (FSA)
Definition
1937. made loans to share- croppers and tenant farmers so they could buy farms of their own.
Term
National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act)
Definition
July 1935. Upheld the right of labor to organize and bargain collectively. Created a National labor relations board with power to determine appropriate collective bargaining units subject to elections it supervised at the request of workers. defined unfair employer practices. Upheld by the Supreme Court 1937.
Term
National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
Definition
Created the power to determine appropriate collective bargaining units subject to elections it supervised at the request of workers. defined unfair employer practices. Upheld by the Supreme Court 1937.
Term
Social Security Act (SSA)
Definition
August 1935. Old- age pensions beginning at 65 years of age. unemployment compensation. Federal aid to the states for destitute persons, child health, blind, delinquent children, public health.
Term
Unemployment compensation
Definition
Social Security Act paid workers who were not employed.
Term
Banking Act of 1935
Definition
first overhaul of the federal reserve system since its adoption in 1913. Concentrated more power in the hands of the central authority called the board of governors. Board of Governors were given direct control over the discount rate. Basically, Increased the power of federal government in the economy.
Term
United States Housing Authority
Definition
People could rent from the US.
Term
Fair Labor Standards Act
Definition
Minimus wage & maximum work hoursfor interstate commerce government.
Term
Francis Townsend
Definition
presented the Townsend Plan. Similar to Social Security Act for old age pinchens.
Term
Huey Long
Definition
Share our wealth clubs. corrupt politian. Wanted wealth to be given to the poor.
Term
Alf Landon
Definition
Republican canidate in election of 1936. FDR wins.
Term
Wendell Wilkie
Definition
Republican canidate in Election of 1940. FDR WINS.
Term
Thomas Dewey
Definition
Trueman defeates him. in the election of 1948.
Term
Hitler
Definition
Germany leader. Nazi. wanted to build an empire.
Term
Mussolini
Definition
Italy leader. wanted to build an empire.
Term
Nye Committee.
Definition
Senate set up this committee to look into why the US entered WW1. So we could take the extra precautions so we did not enter WW2
Term
Neutrality Acts of 1935
Definition
made it illegal for any American (including the president) to supply weaponry or other war-related supplies to any party in a foreign conflict.
Term
Neutrality act of 1936
Definition
now forbidding all loans to foreign warring nations in addition to the ban on direct military aid
Term
Neutrality Act of 1937
Definition
now banning American ships from carrying passengers or goods of any type at all to foreign nations embroiled in war.
Term
Munich Conference
Definition
French leaders & British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain in traveling to Munich to negotiate a peaceful settlement with Hitler. Hoping to appease Hitler by caving in to his demands, British and French negotiators allowed the German dictator to seize the Sudetenland in exchange for a worthless promise to abandon all plans for further territorial expansion. Chamberlain returned to London pleased with the deal, infamously proclaiming that the compromise had guaranteed "peace for our time."
Term
Sudetenland
Definition
The land that was negotiated from Great Britian and France and Czechoslovakia given to Germany.
Term
Non-aggression pact of 1939
Definition
 Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union signed a ten-year nonaggression pact on August 23, 1939, in which each signatory promised not to attack the other.
Term
Poland attacked
Definition
September 1, 1939. German troops invade Poland on the ground while Hitler's air force bombs Polish cities from the sky.
Term
Neutrality Act of 1939
Definition
repealled arms & bargo - All Cash & Carry opened americans to Great Britian & France most money to navy.
Term
Cash & Carry
Definition
an operation on a commodities futures market in which spot goods are purchased and sold at a profit on a futures contract
Term
Destroyer Base Deal
Definition
Britian was having trouble getting the cash and carry goods safely back to alone was holding out against germany. FDR agreed to let the British have 50 WW1 destroyers in exchange for the right to build 8 naval bases on british territories.
Term
Lend- Lease Act
Definition
the british were running out of money by late 1940 & needed extra help. Couldnt operate under cash & carry without cash. This permitted the President of the US to lend, lease, sell or dispose of in anyway goods to a nation that was fighting in America's interest.
Term
Patrolling the Atlantic Ocean to its Mid-point
Definition
Britian said she was having trouble getting the lend-lease goods safely home and asked the US to protect them. FDR allowed the navy to patrol the atltantic to the midpoint & inform the british ofthe location of enemy vessles.
Term
Churchhill
Definition
Leader of Great Britian
Term
Greer Attack
Definition
September 4, 1941. American destroyer tailed german submarine for 3 1/2 hours giving location to GB germany then opened fire on this.
Term
Shoot on Sight
Definition
FDR policy. Press named this. Warned Germany & Italy that if they entered American waters they did so at their own risk or peril.
Term
Tripartite Pact (SEPTEMBER 1940)
Definition
Allies pact that says if any country goes to war with the US, then they will all go to war with them.
Term
Neutrality Act of 1941
Definition
allowed the arming of American Merchant ships & allowed them to sail to any place, carrying any cargo their owners wished to carry.
Term
Economic Pressures against Japan
Definition
US stops selling anything and everything to Japan.
Term
Pearl Harber
Definition
December 7, 1941 Japan attacks Pearl Harbor
Term
Smith-Connally Act
Definition
Allowed the US government to take over industries hit by strikes anti-union legislation.
Term
Blacks in the war
Definition
not the same as white men. Segregated. Also, drafted.
Term
Mexican Americans & the war
Definition
Zoot Suit Riots. in LA. Service men were looking for them "beating the minace"
Term
Women in the War
Definition
Rosie the riviter. Take place of the men in the work place.
Term
Internment of Japanese Americans
Definition
fear & racism for Japanese. Set up camps out west.
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