Term
| What are the clinical signs of GI disease? |
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Definition
| -vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, depressed appetite, weight loss, depression, painful abdomen, retching, regurgitation, hematemesis, melena, hematochezia, dyschezia, tenesmus, flatulence, broborygmus |
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Term
| What can be palpated in the left cranial quadrant of SA abdomen? |
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Definition
| left kidney, caudal edges of liver lobes, stomach, spleen, small intestine, mesenteric lymph nodes |
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Term
| What can be palpated in the right cranial quadrant of SA abdomen? |
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Definition
| -caudal pole of right kidney, caudal edge of liver lobes, pancreas, SI, mesenteric LN |
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Term
| What can be palpated in the left and right caudal quadrants of SA abdomen? |
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Definition
| -SI, mesenteric lymp nodes, colon, sublumbar LNs, uterus, bladder, prostate |
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Term
| What is the major palpable difference between canine and feline kidneys? |
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Definition
| -cat kidneys are a lot more mobile |
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Term
| How do we palpate for the kidneys? |
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Definition
| -three finger technique, palpate up under the ribcage for the right kidney |
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Term
| How do we tell if a liver is enlarged? |
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Definition
| -if it extends past the rib cage |
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Term
| What can emptiness in the cranial abdomen indicate? |
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Definition
| -microhepatica (small liver) or herniated liver loabes throught the diaphragm |
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Term
| The body of the spleen lies on the (left/right) side and the tail of the spleen lies on the (dorsal/ventral) floor of the abdomen. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some of the more common causes of spleen enlargement? |
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Definition
| -barbiturates, disease, torsion, infarction, hyperplasia, hematopoiesis, lymphoma, etc |
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Term
| Why should you be careful when palpating the spleen? |
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Definition
| -hemangiosarcomas ruptures easily |
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Term
| In what position can you palpate the stomach (sometimes)? |
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Definition
| -animal standing upright and palpating up under the rib cage |
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Term
| Describe the presentation of gastric dilation and volvulus (GDV) |
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Definition
-presents initially with distention of the left side of the abdomen, gas-filled stomach
-progresses to bilateral enlargement of the abdomen |
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Term
| If you had right-sided heart failure, what would you hear? What about pericardial effusion? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is most important in a shocky patient? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do you tell the difference b/n fecal contents and masses/foreign material when palpating the SI? |
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Definition
| -fecal contents compress while masses/FB don't |
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Term
| Where are the sublumbar lymph nodes located? |
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Definition
| -parallel to L6 vertebral body |
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Term
| Where is the bladder located? Does it shift? If so, when and ow? |
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Definition
-ventral midline in caudal abdomen
-full bladders more cranial and ventral
-small bladders are more caudal near the pre-pubic area of the pelvis |
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Term
| What is the medical term for "bunched up" intestines? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the uterus located? When is it palpable? |
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Definition
-b/n bladder ventrally and colon dorsally
-not palpable unless enlarged (pregnancy or pyometra) |
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Term
| Where is the prostate located? |
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Definition
| -b/c colon dorsally, bladder ventrally, and pre-pubic bone caudally |
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Term
| Where are anal sacs located? |
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Definition
| -at 5 a'clock and 7 o'clock |
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Term
| What can you feel during a rectal exam? |
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Definition
-urethra: pencil thin, rope on ventral floor
-perineal hernias, pelvic fractures
-sublumbar lymph nodes
-feces character: soft, firm, color, blood, mucus, foreign material |
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