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Exam 2
Elderly Fitness & Aging Ch.5,6
50
Anatomy
Undergraduate 4
03/06/2012

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Osteoarthritis
Definition
Most common type of  arthritis in the world,and the cartillage between joints breaks down and bne spurs grow causing joint pain.
Term
Skeletal Disorders
Definition
Disorders are painful and restrict movement. Usually appear in midlife and get progressively worst.
Term
Rheumatoid arthritis
Definition
Affects more than joints: can affect heart, nerves, eyes, Lungs. 2 to 3 times common in women
Term
Osteoporosis 
Definition
Age related disorder that reduces bone mass and increase chance of fractures
Term
Foot problem 
Definition

Increase with age. skin is thinner and drier.

Calluses and corns are caused by friction-ill lifting shoes or bones out of place

Term
Tooh, Gum and Mouth conditions
Definition
Oral health is important for overall health. Tooth loss is not from advancing age but from poor Hygiene, and it is a periodontal disease.
Term
Low Back Pain
Definition

Is most often caused by straining the muscles usually while lifting.

 

Term
Spinal Stenosis
Definition
Is common among elders and is caused by osteoarthritis
Term
Endocrine disorders
Definition
Diabetes and thyroid problems are most common
Term
Hypothyroidism
Definition
Is a deficiency at the thyroid hormone can be settle can include lack of energy weight gain the metabolism has slow down.
Term
Hyperthyroidism
Definition
Is a metabolism may increase, may cause heart attack if not treated individual is thinner.
Term
Stomach Disorders
Definition
Frequent heartburn is called gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD). Hiatal hernia occurs. Treatment is mostly behavior modification  eating less, walking after meals, wearing looser clothing.
Term
Constipation
Definition
The most common digestive complaint in our country. It is not part of the aging process. It may be reduce by fiber regular execise. It may lead to surgery.
Term
Claudication
Definition
When leg arteries become narrowed by ocleosporosis. Can cause ache when walking can be surgically treated.
Term
Varicos veins
Definition
They are light distandant. Can be treated. Occur when giving birth and constipated by pushing.
Term
hemorrhoids
Definition
When distorted veins appear in the anal canal. When blood flow to the internal organs diminishes with age.
Term
Fecal Incontinence
Definition
Can decrease social interactions and self confidence. Can be causd by diarrhea(reversible) or nerve or muscle damage(less reversible)
Term
Stress Incontinence
Definition
Often when coughing and laughing
Term
Urgen Incontinence
Definition
Can not wait to get to the toilet
Term
Overflow Incontinence
Definition
When full and leaking 
Term
Functional Incontinence
Definition
Unable to unwilling to go 
Term
Mixed Incontinence
Definition
Caused by stress
Term
Acute kidney failure 
Definition
Is a life threatening emergency
Term
Chronic Kidney Failure
Definition
Is gradual and without symptoms
Term
Causes of Kidney Failure
Definition
Hypertension and diabetes are the main cause 
Term
Dialysis
Definition
There are 2 types. At least go into a clinic 3 or 4 times a weeto seat down while blood is being filtered. Or multiple daily treatments are done in the home.
Term
Enlarge Prostate 
Definition

Occur almost in all men, with age, experience BPH

Symptoms include to start to urinate. Treatment is medications.

Term
Senile Pruritis
Definition
Ithching in old person. Treatment is lukewarm baths and lotion. Underlying cause for dry skin, fungus, allergies or a chronic disease such as diabetes. Elders may may have stasis dermatitis around the ankles make the area more susceptible to injury and poor healing
Term
Skin cancer
Definition

Most common type which is caused by sun exposure related to age.Melanoma is uncommon but serious. Moles should be consistently and carefully examined for ABCD.

assymetry, irregular border, uneven color, Diameter grater than 6mm.

 

Term
Dizziness
Definition
It is not a disease but a symptom
Term
Vertigo(dizziness)
Definition
Sensation or movement in the head
Term
Disequilibrium(dizziness)
Definition
causes unsteadiness in the body, not the head.Individual may feel he or she is about to faint
Term
Orthostatic or postural hypotension(dizziness)
Definition
Occurs when you sit up too quickly.
Term
Basal and Squamous Cell Cancer
Definition
Usually located on face, forearms or shoulders, both grow slowly and are usually treatable.
Term
Parkinson's Disease
Definition

Begins gradually but is disabling over a number of years. symptoms include involuntary shaking. slowed thought process and demantia. occur in men the most. the determinat is age. medications may help. Early treatments include lifestyle modifications, speech therapy.

 

Term
Tinnitus
Definition
A roaring or ringing in the ears when no external noise is present
Term
Cataracts
Definition
They are gradual changes in the lens as it thickens, clouds, yellows, and becomes less elastic. Leading cause of reversible blindness.
Term
Glaucoma
Definition
The leading cause of irreversibe blindness. Characterized by increased pressure within the eyeball due to a builup of fluids. There is no cure.
Term
Macular degeneration
Definition
Deteriorates the retina that is responsible for central vision causing blurred vision or a blind spot. Treatment only works in the early stages and includes laser therapy and medications.
Term
Dry Form(Macular degeneration)
Definition
The dry form is more common and related to aging process
Term
Wet form(Macular degeneration)
Definition
less common but accounts for greater vision loss
Term
Aspiration Pneumonia
Definition
Deal with chewing and swallowing issue by getting food into the lungs.
Term
Pneumonia
Definition
Attacks elders more than the younger population. Six leading causes of death among elderly people. Symptoms include fever, chills, pain during inhalation.However elders do  not have those symptoms. They are more likely to be confused, weak and lethargie.
Term
Influenza(respiratory infection)
Definition
the common flu can be deadly in elders. viral infection. Flu shot may be given for prevention. Flu is treated with OTC
Term
Gallstones Disease
Definition

consist of calcium or cholesterol deposits in the gallbladder that can be as grain of rice or as large as a golf ball.ie: If a gallstone blocks a duct to or from the gallbladder, it causes a gallbladder attack (cholecystitis) may cause nausea

 

Term
Common Cold
Definition
Elders are less likely to get it because they have already been exposed to the 200 type of viruses but a cold is more likely to lead to complications. It is a viral infection.
Term
Acute Gastrointestinal infections (ulcer disease)
Definition
Symptoms such as indigestion, abdominal pain, heartburn, diarrhea, and gas are very common complaints among older people.
Term
Ulcers
Definition
are small holes or craters in the mucosa of the esophagus, stomach, or first part of the intestine. Can bleed leading to anemia. Pain occur at night or before meal ad may occur with gas or nausea. Acid blocking meds commonly used. Some are caused by bacteria and treated with antibiotics. In order to prevent or heal ulcers.
Term
Appendicitis
Definition
An inflammation in the appendix caused by bacteria. Usually affects teens and those under 30. A small proportion of cases happen after 60 years of age.Symptoms fever, nausea, pain in the central abdomen that moves to the right side.
Term
Diverticular disease
Definition
Most common type disorder of the colon. About half of those 65 and older have the condition. A small pouch or diverticulum protrudes through the colon wall. If a piece of food or stool gets trapped in the pouch, diverticulitis occur. MAy caused  to Diet.
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