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| process whereby a minority group gradually adapts to the customs and attitudes of the prevailing culture and customs |
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| folklore of most Northwest Native American tribes. Describe the creatures as around 6-9 feet tall, very strong, hairy, uncivilized, and often foul-smelling, usually living in the woods and often foraging at night. |
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| The Messiah would raise all the Native American believers above the earth. During this time the white man would disappear from Native lands, the buffalo herds and all the other animals would return in abundance, and the ghosts of their ancestors would return to earth. |
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| indigenous peoples who live on the plains and rolling hills of the Great Plains of North America. Their equestrian culture and resistance to domination by Canada and the United States have made them an archetype in literature and art for American Indians everywhere. |
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o Accumulate large amounts of capital (from investors)
o Limited liability |
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| (Bessemer Process-way to make steel.) Keystone Bridge Co.→Steel Mills→Iron Mines→Coal Mines→Ships→Car Doors. *Does this first Responsible for the “Social Gospel” |
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| producing, transporting, refining, and marketing company. Established in 1870 as a corporation in Ohio, it was the largest oil refiner in the world. |
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| writings were characterized by the "rags-to-riches" narrative, which had a formative effect on America during the Gilded Age. |
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| tax on imports. business owners wanted this to be high so they could cut out competition. farmers wanted this to be low. |
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| James Blaine, pretty much the same as the Stalwarts, but every once in a while they talk about reform (But aren’t sincere). |
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| Transcontinental Railroad |
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| opened up the far-west mining and ranching regions. wasn't regulated by government. farmers used this to travel their crops. |
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| Assassinated President James A. Garfield because he didn't get a job. (Spoils System) |
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| Means “Let it Be”, Government shouldn’t be too regulatory. The economy would be ruled by natural laws. Supply and Demand will balance out. |
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| created the philosophy of species will adapt to their surroundings. Never stated "Survival of the fittest" |
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| father of reform darwinism. |
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| The Grange & Farmers Alliances |
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| protest against railroad monopolies. The movement took its name from the National Grange or Patrons of Husbandry, a lodge founded by Oliver Hudson Kelley in 1867. Unsuccessful. |
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| Populists, or, Peoples Party |
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| silverites. claimed to be for the common man. Appealed to farmers. Against big business. |
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| was best known for her work with the Populist party. believed that big business had made the people of America into "wage slaves", declaring, "Wall Street owns the country. |
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| on the republican side for election of 1896. "Front Porch" Campaign. |
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| did not authorize the free and unlimited coinage of silver that the Free Silver supporters wanted; however, it increased the amount of silver the government was required to purchase on a recurrent monthly basis to 4.5 million ounces. |
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| ended up choosing same candidate in 1896 that the democrats had, but different vice president. |
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| United States Supreme Court case that limited the government's power to control monopolies. Sugar Monopoly. |
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| lode of silver ore located under the eastern slope of Mount Davidson, notable or the advances in mining technology that it spurred. |
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| June 25, 1876. Ex-General George Armstrong Custer. Job was to handle the Indians. Happened in Montana, Found 8,000 Indians, 2,000 warriors, engaged in battle and was massacred. Custer and 270 of his men were killed. The biggest loss of Americans by Indians. |
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| Wilbur and Orville Wright |
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| brothers know for their major inventions and steps towards aviation. invented "Gliders". |
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| Morgan's company after buying out other companies to create one big company. (Horizontal Integration) |
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| what wage workers lived in. often referred to as slums. Lowest of the low of places to live. |
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| Biological traits will become more or less common and eventually will only see one trait in an area. |
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| advocates were in favor of an inflationary monetary policy using the "free coinage of silver". Supposed to be beneficial to the poor because it would make things less expensive. |
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| created little islands in the middle of the Plains called “Reservations”. Indians stay there and white people would stay away from those reservations. Thought this would solve everyone’s problems. Did not work. |
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| Horrible to their workers. richest of the rich. did anything to save money and make more profit. |
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| known as Jack Wilson, was the Northern Paiute religious leader who founded the Ghost Dance movement. |
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| It was the last battle of the American Indian Wars. It was the last battle of the American Indian Wars. |
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| Run by a Board of Trustees. Same as Business Pools, but is more “official” |
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| Horizontal Integration or Monopoly |
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| Acquiring all of the same type of industries in order to cut out the competition. |
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| If a law suit occurs, multiple shareholders will help pay for the suit as opposed to being a single owner and having to pay for it yourself. |
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| era of economic growth, especially in the North and West. This attracted millions of immigrants from Europe. focuses on social history |
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| They are the reformers in the party. They are “embarrassed” by the ways of spoils system. |
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| Founder of the half-breeds. |
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| became president after garfield's death. Stalwart. Fairly competent. *Signs the Pendleton Act* Even though he got his job because of spoils system. |
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| Pendleton or Civil Service Act |
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| American Public wanted to reform the spoils system. This was the 1st attempt. Said some government jobs, have to be set aside and cannot be filled with people by the spoils system, but they have to be filled with people who have “merit”. (Took an exam for each job) |
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| formed the Frontier Thesis. He argued that the moving western frontier shaped American democracy and the American character from the colonial era until 1890. |
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| Father of Social Darwinism. Defended the Big Business Ethnic. |
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| system of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on the land. |
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| Main goal was to egulate rising fare prices of railroad and grain elevator companies after the American Civil War. The laws, which upset major railroad companies, were a topic of much debate at the time and ended up leading to several important court cases |
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a monetary system in which the standard economic unit of account is based on a fixed quantity of gold.
SPECIE
EXCHANGE
BULLION |
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| Democratic and Populist Platform in 1896. Known for Cross of Gold speech. invented modern campaign strategy. "Whistle-Stop" Campaign. Associated with Rabbit's Feet. Received the most votes of any democrat ever in history. |
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| Most famous speech of Bryan. against Gold standard. “You shall not crucify the common man on a cross of gold.” |
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| passed by Congress in 1890. It prohibits certain business activities that federal government regulators deem to be anticompetitive, and requires the federal government to investigate and pursue trusts. |
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| Very sacred to the Native Americans. Used every part of them to live. Europeans nearly made them extinct. |
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| Muckracker, took pictures of the tenements to expose worker's living standards in order to reform. |
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| theory of management that analyzed and synthesized workflows. Its main objective was improving economic efficiency, especially labor productivity. It was one of the earliest attempts to apply science to the engineering of processes and to management. |
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| Wrote "A Tale of Today"- atirizes greed and political corruption in the gilded age. |
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| changed the game of modern campaigning. Money was required to campaign. Electoral college means a lot. Mckinley won even though Bryan had won more votes than anyone in the history of elections. |
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| best known for coining the expression "survival of the fittest". Defender of big business. |
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| founded in 1893 as a mail order catalog. Julius Rosenwald took control in 1895 and expanded its sales and profits greatly. In 1925 it began opening local department stores. |
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| Founded in 1879 by Captain Richard Henry Pratt under authority of the US federal government, founded on the principle that Native Americans were the equals of European-Americans, and that Native American children immersed in mainstream Euro-American culture would learn skills to advance in society. |
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| General Allotment/Dawes Severalty Act |
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| authorized the President of the United States to survey American Indian tribal land and divide it into allotments for individual Indians. |
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| Created by Mckinley. Spent $16 million on train tickets to bring republican delegations from around the country to his front porch to listen to him make a speech. |
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| a Hunkpapa Lakota holy man who led his people as a tribal chief during years of resistance to United States government policies. He was killed by Indian agency police on the Standing Rock Indian Reservation during an attempt to arrest him at a time when authorities feared that he would join the Ghost Dance movement. |
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| Business Pool Arrangements |
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| Unofficial, Got together to figure out how to eliminate competition. |
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| co-founder of the Standard Oil Company, which dominated the oil industry and was the first great U.S. business trust. |
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| a politician from New York who served both as a member of the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate. He was the leader of the Stalwart faction of the Republican Party. |
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| Vertical Integration or Monopoly |
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| Control all of the processes that go into making your product. Don’t have to go outside of your empire to create your product. EX: Carnegie |
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| a leading American railroad developer and speculator. He has long been vilified as an archetypal robber baron, whose successes made him the ninth richest American in history |
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| Roscoe Conkling, like the spoils system and wanted to leave it alone. |
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| People that helped out a campaign. If they won, the people wanted a job in federal office. Problem? Need important jobs, but people in those positions are incompetent to do the job. |
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| o Republican, from Ohio, “rags to riches”, Half-breed, VP- Chester Arthur (Stalwart), Garfield-Assassinated |
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| an American soldier, bison hunter and showman. He was born in the Iowa Territory. One of the most colorful figures of the American Old West, Buffalo Bill became famous for the shows he organized with cowboy themes, |
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| only president to serve two non-consecutive terms. he only Democrat elected to the presidency in the era of Republican political domination. Democrat except he was pro-business. |
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| Said being wealthy was science. People evolve to adapt to the environment. “Survival of the Fittest” People who adapt will thrive. Hardcore believers thought there would be one class that survived and eventually the other class would die out. |
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| says the social Darwinists are correct and that we do adapt to our environment, but human beings are different than all of the other species. In that, we can change our environment. |
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| Lead ex-general in Custer's Last Stand.Had to keep the indians in line. Ended up getting killed by Indians. Seen as hero to the anglo-saxons. |
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| member of the Greenback Party. He ran for President two times on third party tickets in the late 19th century. An opponent of the gold standard and national banks, he is most famous as the presidential nominee of the People's Party |
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| a monetary standard in which the value of the monetary unit is defined as equivalent both to a certain quantity of gold and to a certain quantity of silver; such a system establishes a fixed rate of exchange between the two metals. |
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| Campaign Manager who also invents the modern day campaigning. Raise and spend 16 million dollars to get McKinley elected. |
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| Used by Bryan in 1896. Traveled across country and stopped and made his famous "Cross of Gold" speech on the train stand over 600 times. |
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| designed to regulate the railroad industry, particularly its monopolistic practices, required that railroad rates be "reasonable and just," but did not empower the government to fix specific rates. |
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| industrial lockout and strike which began on June 30, 1892, culminating in a battle between strikers, battle was one of the most serious disputes in U.S. labor history, The dispute occurred at the Homestead Steel Works in the Pittsburgh area. |
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| igned by President Chester A. Arthur on May 6, 1882. It was one of the most significant restrictions on free immigration in US history, prohibiting all immigration of Chinese laborers because of all the Chinese men taking the jobs on the railroads and mining. |
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| 1877: began on July 14 in Martinsburg, West Virginia, United States and ended some 45 days later, after it was put down by local and state militias, and federal troops. Labor unions were not involved; these were spontaneous outbreaks in numerous cities of violence against railroads. |
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| Henry Bessemer/Bessemer Process |
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| first inexpensive industrial process for the mass-production of steel from molten pig iron prior to the open hearth furnace. |
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| dominated corporate finance and industrial consolidation during his time. Known for creating USA Steel Co. |
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| American Federation of Labor |
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| the first federation of labor unions in the United States. It was founded in Columbus, Ohio, in May 1886 by an alliance of craft unions disaffected from the Knights of Labor, |
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| Senate was referred to as this. Legislature became ran by bosses who were willing to pay whatever price to get themselves elected to the upper house. |
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| was the 19th President of the United States (1877–1881). As president, he oversaw the end of Reconstruction, began the efforts that led to civil service reform, and attempted to reconcile the divisions left over from the Civil War and Reconstruction. |
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