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Exam 1
Lecture 2
40
Anatomy
4th Grade
02/04/2013

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Term
cadiac output depeddns on
Definition
miocardioal contractility
ventricular filling pressure
Term
3 functions of the kidney
Definition
filtration
reabsoprtion
secretion/excretion
Term
normla urine production rate is
Definition
1mL/min
Term
what makes up the nephron- 2
Definition
glomerulus
tubules
Term
are the capillaries in the glomerulus tight?
Definition
no
Term
reabsoorption in the kindey is greatest where?
wht is second best?
Definition
proximal tubule
loop of henle
Term
what is termed the inside of proximal tubule?
outside?
whihc has the filtrate?
Definition
lumen
parenchyma/interstial fluid
lumen
Term
where is urea imperrmeable?
Definition
distal tubule an collecting duct
Term
in late distal tubule and collecting duct:
NA reabsorp is controlled by?
H20 reaborp is controlled by?
Definition
aldosterone
ADH
Term
chronic use of diuretic causes net _ of NA,which initiates what?
Definition
deficit
compensatory mechanisms
Term
chronic effect of diuretic?
how?
Definition
PR decrease
unknown
Term
where do loop diuretics work- specifcically where on the loop of henle
Definition
thick ascending limb
Term
what does loop diuretic inhibit directly?
what about indirectly?
Definition
Na/K/CL2 symporter;
Mg and Ca reabsorption
Term
if use loop diuretics can cause direct excretion of-
indirect excretion of-
and if used acutely, excretion of-
Definition
Na, Cl, K
Mg, Ca
uric acid
Term
main uses of loop diuretics-5
Definition
-HTN
-hypercalcemia
-drug overdose
-edema/ascites
pulmonary edema
Term
main ADEs with electrolytes due to loop diuretics-3
Definition
hypochlor- metabolic alkolosis
-hypomag, hypokalmeia
Term
decrease in what ions can cause arrthymia
Definition
K, Mg
Term
decraease in Na can cause
Definition
hypotonia, circulatory collpase, thromoembolism
Term
Main ADEs of loops not coorelated with eelctrolytes -4
Definition
ototoxicity
hyperuriceima
hyperglycemia
increase LDL. decrease HDL
Term
which loop diuretic has the most potency
Definition
bumetanide
Term
where do thiazides work?
Definition
distal convoluted tubule
Term
MAO of thiazides- what does it inhibit
Definition
Na/Cl symporter
Term
wat do thiazides decrease reabsorption of directly?
indirectly?
Definition
CL, Na
K
Term
chronic use of thiazides can increase concentraitons of? -2
Definition
Calcium
uric acid
Term
Main uses of thiazides
Definition
HTN
Ca nephroliathis
edema
nephrogenic diabetes
Term
GFR is lower than 35 ml/min-effect on thiazide?
exceptions?
Definition
diuretic (nothing on BP lowering)
indapimide, metalazone
Term
main ADes of thiazides resulting from electrolytes-4
Definition
hypotension
hypoCl, HypoKHypo Na,
hyper Ca
hypo Mg
Term
main ADEs of thiazides not resulting from electrolytes-3
Definition
reduced glucose tolerance
sex dysfunction
increase LDL, total cholesterol, TGs
Term
which K sparing diuretics work on the renal epithelial Na channel
Definition
amiloride
triamterene
Term
where do all K-sparing diuretics work?
Definition
late distal tubule and collecting duct
Term
triamterene can cause what speicfic ADEs?
Definition
reduce glucose tolerance, photosensitive
Term
the K spairing diuretics that work on Na channel have what ADES? -4
Definition
hyperklaemia
heachade, nasuea, diarrhea
Term
What type of diuretic are the aldosterone antagonists?
Definition
k sparing
Term
what kind of sterroid is aldosterone?
Definition
mineralcorticoid
Term
where is aldosterone synthesized?
Definition
adrenal cortical
Term
where are the aldosterone recptors?
Definition
cytoplasm
Term
aldosterone increase secretion of _
but decrease secretion of?
Definition
K;
Na
Term
aldosterone antagonists cna be used alone for what disease?
Definition
HF
Term
what med can be used in hyperaldosteronism?
Definition
spironolactone
Term
ADes of spirnoalcatone
Definition
gynecstomia, sex impotent, decrease libido;
alter clearence of digtitalis glycosides
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