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instrument used to measure the positions of stars and figure out latitude |
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Spanish explorer/conquistador who crossed Panama by land and was the first European to see the Pacific Ocean |
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ship with a steering rudder and triangular sails |
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the exchange of ideas and goods in the Americas and the rest of the world |
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group of people settled in a distant land who are ruled by th government of their native land |
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Spanish conquistador; conquered the Aztec empire with just 600 men |
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sailor; who sailing for Spain, sailed west across the Atlantic Ocean in search of a route to Asia, but instead achieved fame by making landfall in the Caribbean Sea. |
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Spanish word for conqueror |
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Series of religious wars fought by European Christians against Turkish Muslims in an attempt to gain control of the Holy Land (the Middle East region) |
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right to demand taxes and labor from the Native Americans in the Spanish colonies |
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Led the first expedition to sail around the world |
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code of laws that stated in detail how New Spain should be organized and ruled |
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device that shows which direction is north |
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period from 500-1350 when most Europeans lived on feudal manors, ruled by lords, and believed that the world was a flat disk made up of Europe, Africa, and Asia |
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Ruled the Aztec Empire at the time of its defeat by the Spanish conquistador Cortes. |
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waterway through or around North America |
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large estate farmed by many workers |
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| Spanish conquistador; conquered the Inca empire |
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16th century religious movement aimed at reforming the Roman Catholic Church; resulted in the establishment of Protestant churches |
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the period from the late 1300s-1600 when Europe experienced a burst of learning |
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Native Americans who Columbus encountered in the Caribbean;population destroyed within 100 years due to harsh treatment by the Europeans and from European diseases |
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Scandanavian sailors who briefly settled in present-day Canada around the year1000 |
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