Term
| Which family is at one point in the Renaissance, is the wealthiest in all of Europe? (Lived in Florence) |
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| Who served 30 years as basically a dictator of Florence? |
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| He is the son of Cosmo de Medici, who takes over his "dictatorship" (made it look like an elected office), is a patron of the arts, made the family library open to the public, and is almost assassinated at Mass with Giuliano Medici by a rival family. |
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Term
| What is a "patron of the arts"? |
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Definition
| One who financially supports artists |
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Term
| Who is the author of "the Prince" (book)? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is "The Prince" about? |
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Definition
| It is Machiavelli's examination of how a ruler can gain power and keep it in spite of his enemies. |
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Term
| Why is the Gutenberg Bible special? |
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Definition
| It was the first Bible printed using a printing press (moveable type). |
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Term
| The Renaissance has the characteristic of the ___________ of classical knowledge and spirit. |
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Definition
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| The Renaissance has the characteristic of the revival of _____________. |
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Definition
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| Th Renaissance has the characteristic of the _________________ of thought. |
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| The Renaissance has the characteristic of __________________ discovery. |
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| The Renaissance has the characteristic of people following (Communism, Individualism) |
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Definition
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Term
| Why did the Renaissance start in Italy? |
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Definition
| Because classical civilization never fully died out there, and there was a growth of urban society and thus a wealthy class to support the arts. |
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Term
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Definition
| Humanism is the act of wanting to revive the past. "Be all that you can be" |
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Term
| Who founded the Humanist movement? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the differences between secular and christian Humanism? |
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Definition
| Secular humanism is more concerned with the "here and now" and the joys of the world with little concern for the afterlife. Christian humanism believes almost the same except the world falls short of Heaven due to original sin (Secular humanists don't believe in original sin). |
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Term
| What is a "Renaissance Man?" |
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Definition
| A man of the Renaissance that is a master of the arts, philosophy and science. |
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Term
| Florence was the central school of ______ and_______. |
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Definition
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Term
| How did the Renaissance start in the North? |
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Definition
| France and England were united under strong monarchs, and so when Francis I of France invited Leonardo da Vinci to retire in France and hired Italian artists and architects to rebuilt castles at Fontainebleau |
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Term
| What nationality is Petrarch? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who wrote poems to his beloved "Laura"? |
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Definition
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Definition
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| Who wrote "In Praise of Folly"? |
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Definition
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| Name five secular humanists. |
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Definition
| Petrarch, Boccaccio, Castiglione, Rabelais, and Montaigne |
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Definition
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| Who wrote "Romeo and Juliet", "A Midsummer Night's Dream", "Hamlet", "Julius Caesar", and "Macbeth"? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was "Paradise Lost"? |
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Definition
| A poetic restatement of the creation of the world, written by John Milton. |
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Term
| Who wrote the essay Areopagitica? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Areopagitica about? |
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Definition
| It urges the freedom of the press. |
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Term
| Who wrote Gargantua and Pantagruel? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who wrote a "mountain" of essays? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Is Erasmus a Secular or Christian humanist? |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False: Giotto knew the laws of Perspective. |
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Definition
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Term
| Who wrote "Journey of the Magi", "Lamentation", and "Flight to Egypt"? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who painted "Madonna with the Long Neck"? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Albrecht Durer known for? |
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Definition
| Engravings, woodcarvings, paintings. |
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Definition
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| Made the Sistine Madonna. |
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Definition
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| Did realistic statues of Moses and David and designed the dome of St. Peter's Cathedral. |
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Definition
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| A famous gold and silversmith. |
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Definition
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| Who painted The Last Judgement? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does "quixotic" mean? |
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Definition
| Unrealistic, not sensible |
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Term
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Definition
| Use of wet plaster rather than painting directly on a wall so as to avoid the painting to wear out over time. |
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Definition
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Term
| Who won the "Baptistry Doors" competition? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Northern Renaissance starts in which two areas? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who painted the "Massacre of the Innocents"? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The church forgiving sins in exchange for donations for church projects. |
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Definition
| Giving positions in the Church to family members |
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Definition
| The selling of religious offices |
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Term
| What is the time known as the Babylonian Captivity? |
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Definition
| The years the popes resided in Avignon |
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Term
| What was the Great Schism of 1378? |
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Definition
| There is a pope chosen by the cardinals in Rome, and a pope still in Avignon. The French support the Avignon pope, and the English and German princes support the pope of Rome. The two popes excommunicate each other. |
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Term
| What ended the Great Schism? |
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Definition
| The election of Martin V as pope after deposing both the Avignon and Roman papacy. |
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Term
| What caused the Reformation politically? |
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Definition
| Some rulers resented the papacy's power over civil authority, and its privileges of the clergy (no taxes, church courts). The pope is seen as a foreigner from Rome who has no right to interfere with national affairs. |
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Term
| What was the economic cause for the Reformation? |
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Definition
| Rulers envied the Church's wealth and properties leading to the Dissolution of the Monasteries. The middle class also resented the church's forbidding of usury. |
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Term
| Which forerunner to the Reformation stressed direct communication with God, and translated the Vulgate (latin translation by St. Jerome) into English? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which forerunner to the Reformation was a strong supporter of John Wycliffe's ideas and spread them throughout Europe, and came from Bohemia? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who started the quasi-religious community of the "Brethren of Common Life"? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was stressed in the Brethren of Common Life |
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Definition
| Christ-like simplicity, purity of life, and direct communication with God |
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Term
| Where was the Ninety-Five Theses nailed? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the Ninety-Five theses? |
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Definition
| A long list of criticisms by Martin Luther |
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Term
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Definition
| A Dominican friar that sold indulgences in Germany |
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Term
| Pope Leo X saw the disputes with Luther as _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Who protected Luther politically from the pope? |
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Definition
| Frederick the Wise, Duke of Saxony |
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Term
| True or False: At the Diet of Worms in 1521, Luther recants his ideals. |
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Definition
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Term
| What started the Peasant's Revolt? |
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Definition
| Lutheran ideas made his supporters believe that they were doing the right thing in revolting. |
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Term
| What happened in the Peasant Revolt? |
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Definition
| Luther ordered the German Princes to massacre and punish those who revolted. |
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Term
| What was the Augsburg Confession? |
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Definition
| The statement of the ideas of Lutheranism. |
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Term
| Who was Martin Luther's assistant? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of lifestyle did John Calvin support? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does a Puritanical lifestyle entail? |
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Definition
| A life without decoration, ostentation, gambling, dancing, theater, drinking, modest attire for women, where people scrutinize each other's actions. |
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Term
| Who founds the Presbyterian church of Scotland? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does Presbyterian structure work? |
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Definition
| The congregation choses Prebyteros or elders, which chose a minister or pastor, which is then approved by the Congregation. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Founded schools in classical studies and theology, converted non-Christians, and helped stop Protestantism. |
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Term
| What book did Ignatius of Loyola write? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was "Spiritual Exercises" about? |
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Definition
| Daily plan for meditation, prayer, and study |
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Term
| Who called for the Council of Trent? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was declared at the Council of Trent? |
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Definition
| That the Church's interpretation of the Bible is final; That Faith and good works bring forth salvation; That Bible and tradition are equally crucial; That Indulgences are valid expressions of faith |
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