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Equine Abdomen
Equine Abdomen
108
Anatomy
Professional
02/14/2006

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Cards

Term
boundaries of the flank
Definition
last rib to the flank
Term
surgical landmark-triangular space high in the flank
Definition
paralumbar fossa
Term
boundaries of the paralumbar fossa
Definition
cranial: last rib, caudal: tuber coxae, ventral: line of tension of abd oblique m.
Term
fold of the flank
Definition
low in the flank where skin folds from abd wall to the thigh
Term
what does the fold in the flank contain?
Definition
cutaneous trunki muscle
Term
name of T18-at costochondral junction of the 18th rib
Definition
costoabdominal nerve
Term
name of L1
Definition
illeohyogastric nerve
Term
name of L2-ventral to tuber coxae
Definition
illeoinguinal nerve
Term
name of L2
Definition
illeoinguinal nerve
Term
name of L2
Definition
illeoinguinal nerve
Term
name of L3
Definition
genitofemoral nerve
Term
name of L4-runs with caudal branch of deep circumflex illiac artery
Definition
lateral cutaneous femoral nerve
Term
functions of the abdominal wall
Definition
respiration, defication, parturition, micturition
Term
the ventral midline where sides of the animal meet
Definition
linea alba
Term
belly button
Definition
umbilicus
Term
function of the cutaneous trunki
Definition
twitches the skin
Term
the outter abdominal muscle
Definition
external abdominal oblique
Term
heaves
Definition
a.k.a. emphasema-break down of lung aveoli
Term
heave line
Definition
as muscles get bigger they push on the CT, forms a line
Term
elastic tissue structure on the outside of ext. abd. obl.,
Definition
abdominal tunic
Term
functions of the external abdominal oblique
Definition
support weight of abdominal cavity,
Term
relationship with rectus abdominus muscle
Definition
forms external sheath with CT part of muscle
Term
attaches tuber coxae and the pubis
Definition
unguinal ligament
Term
middle muscle layer of the abdomen
Definition
internal abdominal oblique
Term
relationship with rectus abdominus
Definition
forms part of external sheat with CT part of muscle
Term
what other muscle is part of the internal abd. obl.?
Definition
cremaster muscle
Term
inner muscle layer of the abdomen
Definition
transversus abdominus
Term
relationship with rectus abdominus
Definition
forms internal sheath with CT part
Term
muscle that runs along ventral abdomen
Definition
rectus abdominus
Term
function of rectus abdominus
Definition
suspend weight of abdominal cavity
Term
what is located on the caudal edge of the rectus abdominus?
Definition
prepubic tendon
Term
what are some features of the rectus abdominus
Definition
covered in CT (both inside and outside), has tendinous intersections
Term
what are the additional layers of the abdoment after the transversus abdominus
Definition
1. fat layer, 2. peritoneum
Term
the potential space between the sheets of muscles
Definition
inguinal canal
Term
part of the inguinal canal that is outside, a slit in the ext. abd. obl.
Definition
superficial inguinal ring
Term
part of inguinal canal formed by inguinal ligament and internal abdominal oblique
Definition
deep inguinal ring
Term
condition where testicle doesn't migrate fully
Definition
cryptorchid
Term
consequences of cryptorchid
Definition
because of higher temp. inside the body-cause sperm destruction, neoplasia, inappropriate hormone production
Term
the boundaries of the doming of the diaphram
Definition
goes to the 6th rib, the cranial boundary of the abdomen
Term
liver position on the left side
Definition
between ribs 7 and 9
Term
stomach position on the left
Definition
between ribs 9-15, sits on the colon
Term
spleen position on the left
Definition
base: between ribs 15-18, apex: between ribs 9-12
Term
what colon parts can be accessed on the left side?
Definition
1. diaphragmatic flexure of the dorsal colon, 2. left ventral and dorsal colon, 3. pelvic flexure, 4. decending colon
Term
parts of small intestine that can be accessed from the left
Definition
jejunum and illium
Term
liver position on the right
Definition
between ribs 7-16 (where majority is)
Term
colon parts that can be accessed from the right
Definition
1. right dorsal and ventral colon
Term
where can the cecum be located on the right
Definition
base is at the paralumbar fossa, the back is at the flank
Term
descending duodenum position on the right
Definition
cranial to the last rib
Term
attaches to the dorsal body wall and wraps around the cranial mesentaric artery
Definition
root of the mesentery
Term
condition caused by infection of strngulus vulgaris in the mesentery
Definition
vermonous arteritus
Term
location of the right kidney
Definition
ventral to the transverse process of T16-18 and L1
Term
location of the left kidney
Definition
T18, L1-3
Term
location of the ovaries
Definition
half way between the tuber coxae and last rib-slightly off the midline
Term
the order of food movement through the colon
Definition
1. right ventral colon, 2. sternal flexure, 3. left ventral colon, 4. pelvic flexure, 5. left dorsal colon, 6. diaphragmatic flexure, 7. right dorsal colon
Term
lobes of the liver
Definition
1. left lateral, 2. left medial, 3. quadrate, 4. right lobe
Term
process on the viceral side of the liver where the right kidney lays
Definition
caudate process
Term
liver ligament between left medial and quadrate lobes
Definition
falciform ligament
Term
what is embedded in the falciform ligament
Definition
the reminents of the fetal umbilical vein
Term
liver ligament that attaches the liver to the diaphram
Definition
right and left triangular ligament
Term
liver ligament that passes around the midle of the liver from the left to the right side-central tendon of the diaphram
Definition
coronary ligament
Term
can see the openings of these veins in the caudal vena cava
Definition
hepatic veins
Term
central area of the liver
Definition
the porta
Term
what is located in the porta
Definition
1. portal vein, 2. hepatic vein, 3. hepatic duct
Term
what is the fuction of the portal vein
Definition
carry nutrient blood from the GI tract to liver for processing
Term
lymphnodes found in the porta
Definition
hepatic lymphnodes
Term
found as a space under the liver that is 1-2 fingers wide
Definition
epiploic foramen
Term
what condition can be caused by the epiploic foramen
Definition
colic-intestines can be trapped in the hole
Term
boundaries of the epiploic foramen
Definition
dorsal: caudate process and vena cava, ventral: pancreas and portal vein
Term
parts of the stomach
Definition
fundus, body, pyloric part
Term
what coresponds to the colors of the stomach
Definition
white=non-glandular region, brown=glandular
Term
name 3 reasons horses can't vomit
Definition
1. very thick esophageal sphincter-hard to get flow back, 2. angle of esopageal entry very acute, 3. folds of mucosa at end of esophagus act as valve to shut it off
Term
also called the blind sac, dorsal to level of the esophagus
Definition
fundus
Term
ridge of mucosa that separates white and brown portions of the stomach
Definition
margo plicatus
Term
attach to greater curvature of the stomach
Definition
greater omentum (superficial and deep leaves)
Term
connects duodenum to the liver
Definition
lesser omentum
Term
ligament that attaches the stomach to the liver
Definition
hepatogastric ligament
Term
ligament that connects liver to the duodenum
Definition
hepatoduodenal ligament-connects to porta
Term
parts of the duodenum in order
Definition
1. cranial part, 2. cranial duodenal flexure, 3. decending duodenum, 4. caudal duodenal flexure, 5. transverse part of duodenum, 6. acending duodenum, 7. ends at duodenal jejunal flexure
Term
creater like structure that is the opening for the hepatic duct and pancreatic duct in the cranial flexure of the duodenum
Definition
major duodenal papilla
Term
bump that is opening of pancreatic duct in the cranial flexure of the duodenum
Definition
minor duodenal papilla
Term
pancreas lobes
Definition
left, right, body
Term
ducts of the pancreas
Definition
pancreatic duct, accessory pancreatic duct
Term
space of pancreaus that encircles the portal vein
Definition
pancreatic ring
Term
structure that suspends the jejunum
Definition
mesojejunum
Term
a trait of the ileum to tell it apart from the jejunum
Definition
a thicker muscular wall
Term
CT tag on antimesenteric side of the ileum that attaches the ileum to the cecum
Definition
ileocecal fold-landmark for surgeon to tell where he is on the intestine
Term
juction between the large and small intestine
Definition
ileocecal orifice-at about L1-L2
Term
project into the lumen of the cecum at the end of the ileum-where ileocolic orifice opens
Definition
ileal papilla
Term
large, coma shaped structure
Definition
cecum
Term
location of the base of the cecum
Definition
at the right paralumbar fossa, goes cranial and contacts the kidney
Term
location of the body of the cecum
Definition
at the caudal part of the right flank, swings left
Term
location of the apex of the cecum
Definition
blind ended pouch near the midline
Term
ligament that attaches cecum to acending colon
Definition
cecocolic ligament
Term
opening of cecum to right ventral colon
Definition
cecocolic orifice
Term
what is a consequence of the cecocolic orifice being high on the cecum
Definition
the food must travel back upward through the coma to get out of the cecum-it is possible that food can get stuck and cause a cecal impaction
Term
bands of longitudinal muscle, located on the sides of the colon-pouch like appearance
Definition
teniae coli
Term
what is the number to remember to know the number of teniae coli on the parts of the colon?
Definition
444132: cecum=4, rvc=4, lvc=4, ldc=1, rdc=3, small colon=2
Term
pouch like appearance caused by teniae coli-sacs
Definition
haustra
Term
where can an obstruction happen due to decrease in luminal diameter?
Definition
1. pelvic flexure, 2. transverse colon
Term
what anatomical factors can cause obstrution
Definition
decrease in luminal diameter, strong flexure of the tract
Term
what physiologic factor can lead to obstruction?
Definition
intussusception-telescoping of one part of the tract into another
Term
where is a common site of intussusception?
Definition
ileocecal junction
Term
three branches off the aorta
Definition
celiac artery, cranial mesentaric a., caudal mesentaric a.
Term
branches of the celiac artery that supply the foregut
Definition
1. splenic (to spleen), 2. left gastric (lesser curvature of stomach), 3. hepatic (liver)
Term
branches of cranial mesenteric artery to small intestine
Definition
1. caudal pancreaticoduodenal a., 2. jejunal a., 3. ileal a.
Term
branches of cranial mesenteric artery to the colon
Definition
1. middle colic (transverse colon), 2. right colic (dorsal colon), 3. ileocolic (continuation of cran. mes.), 4. colic branch of the ileocolic a. (ventral colon)
Term
branches of cranial mesenteric artery to the cecum
Definition
cecal a. (medial and lateral parts)
Term
branches of the caudal mesenteric artery to caudal part of the GI
Definition
1. left colic (to proximal small colon), 2. cranial rectal (distal small colon)
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