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Enlightenment
people
10
History
9th Grade
02/06/2012

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Cards

Term
Thomas Hobbes
Definition
17th century English thinker; described his ideas in a work titled Leviathan; he argued that people are naturally cruel, greedy, and selfish people should enter into a social contract
Term
John Locke
Definition
17th century English thinker; described his ideas in a work titled Two Treatises of Government; he argued that people formed governments to protect their natural rights
Term
Montesquieu
Definition
influential thinker; studied governments; published The Spirit of the Laws; he felt the best way to protect liberty was to form a government with 3 branches
Term
Voltaire
Definition
one of most famous philosophes; he exposed the abuses of his day ie corrupt officials and idle aristocrats
Term
Diderot
Definition
wrote a 28 volume set of books called the Encyclopedia; he wanted to "change the general way of thinking"
Term
Rousseau
Definition
believed that people in their natural state were basically good and that society corrupted them; wrote The Social Contract
Term
Adam Smith
Definition
a Scottish economist; wrote The Wealth of Nations; he argued that the free market should be allowed to regulate business activity; came up with idea of supply and demand
Term
Frederick the Great
Definition
king of Prussia from 1740 to 1786;served as a duty to work for the common good; reduced the use of torture and allowed a free press
Term
Catherine the Great
Definition
empress of Rusia; she believed in the Enlightenment ideas of equality and liberty; eliminated torture and established religious tolerance
Term
Joseph II
Definition
son of Maria Theresa; traveled in disguise among his subjects to learn about their common problems; modernized Austria's government
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