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| Around 700 AD, the English part of the island was divided into seven kingdoms: Northumbria, East Anglia, Kent, Wessex, Sussex, Mercia, and Essex. These kingdoms were ruled by Saxons, who had displaced the original Britons 200 years earlier. |
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787: Danes invade Wessex
793: Danes invade Northumbria
838: Danes? invade East Anglia and Kent
871: most of England north of the Thames was being raided regularly; in that year Guthrum attacks the Wessex capital, Reading. Æthelred (not the Unready) and his brother Alfred meet them, and after an initial victory, Æthelred is killed and Alfred takes the throne. |
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828–839; Saxon
Predecessor: Unknown
Successor: Ethelwulf
King of Wessex and everyuthing to the south; battled Beornwulf of Mercia, and also ruled Northumbria; called "bretwalda" (ruler of Britain) by the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. |
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839–858; Saxon
Predecessor: Egbert
Successor: Ethelbald
Ruled Sussex, Kent, and Surrey under his father Egbert, succeeding to the rule of Wessex after Egbert's death. |
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858-860; Saxon
Predecessor: Ethelwulf
Successor: Ethelbert |
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860-866; Saxon
Predecessor: Ethelbald
Successor: Ethelred I |
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866-871; Saxon
Predecessor: Ethelbert
Successor: Alfred the Great |
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871-899; Saxon
Predecessor: Ethelred I
Successor: Edward the Elder |
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899-92; Saxon
Predecessor: Alfred the Great
Successor: Athelstan |
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924-939; Saxon
Predecessor: Edward the Elder
Successor: Edmund I (the Deed-doer) |
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939-946; Saxon
Predecessor: Athelstan
Successor: Edred |
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946-955; Saxon
Predecessor: Edmund I
Successor: Edwy the Fair |
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955-959; Saxon
Predecessor: Edred
Successor: Edgar the Peaceful |
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959-975; Saxon
Predecessor: Edwy the Fair
Successor: Edward the Martyr |
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975-979; Saxon
Predecessor: Edgar the Peaceful
Successor: Ethelred the Unready |
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979-1016; Saxon
Predecessor: Edward the Martyr
Successor: Edmund II |
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1016; Saxon
Predecessor: Ethelred II
Successor: Canute |
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1016-1035; Dane
Predecessor: Edmund II
Successor: Harold Harefoot |
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1035-1040; Dane
Predecessor: Canute
Successor: Hardecanute |
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1040-1042; Dane
Predecessor: Harold Harefoot
Successor: Edward the Confessor |
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1042-1066; Saxon Restoration
Predecessor: Hardecanute
Successor: Harold II |
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1066; Saxon Restoration
Predecessor: Edward the Confessor
Successor: William the Conqueror |
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1066-1087; Norman
Predecessor: Harold II
Successor: William II |
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1087-1100; Norman
Predecessor: William I
Successor: Henry I |
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1100-1135; Norman
Predecessor: William II
Successor: Stephen of Blois |
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1135-1154; Norman
Predecessor: Henry I
Successor: Henry II
Fought a civil war (The Anarchy) with Matilda, daughter of Henry I, whose son, William Adelin, died accidentally; to settle the war, agreed that Matilda's son Henry would become king after his death. |
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1154-1189; Plantagenet
Predecessor: Stephen
Successor: Richard I
Married to Eleanor of Aquitaine; son of Matilda; becomes king after The Anarchy as part of a deal with Stephen of Blois |
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1189-1199; Plantagenet
Predecessor: Henry II
Successor: John |
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1199-1216; Plantagenet
Predecessor: Richard I
Successor: Henry III |
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1216-1272; Plantagenet
Predecessor: John
Successor: Edward I |
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1272-1307; Plantagenet
Predecessor: Henry III
Successor: Edward II |
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1307-1327; Plantagenet
Predecessor: Edward I
Successor: Edward III |
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1327-1377; Plantagenet
Predecessor: Edward II
Successor: Richard II |
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1377-1399 (deposed); Plantagenet
Predecessor: Edward III
Successor: Henry IV |
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1399-1413; Lancaster
Predecessor: Richard II
Successor: Henry V |
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1413-1422; Lancaster
Predecessor: Henry IV
Successor: Henry VI |
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1422-1461 (deposed); Lancaster
Predecessor: Henry V
Successor: Edward IV |
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1461-1470; York
Predecessor: Henry VI
Successor: Henry VI |
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1470-1471 (2d Reign -- Lancaster)
Predecessor: Edward IV
Successor: Edward IV |
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1461-1470
Predecessor: Henry VI
Successor: Edward V |
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1483; York
Predecessor: Edward IV
Probably died in the Tower of London
Successor: Richard III |
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1483-1485; York
Predecessor: Edward V
Successor: Henry VII |
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1485-1509; Tudor
Predecessor: Richard III
Successor: Henry VIII |
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1509-1547; Tudor
Predecessor: Henry VII
Successor: Edward VI |
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1547-1553; Tudor
Predecessor: Henry VIII
Successor: Lady Jane Grey |
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1553; Tudor
Predecessor: Edward VI
Successor: Mary I |
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1553-1558; Tudor
Predecessor: Lady Jane Grey
Successor: Elizabeth I |
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| Elizabeth I (Good Queen Bess) |
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1558-1603; Tudor
Predecessor: Mary I
Successor: James I |
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| James I (James VI of Scotland) |
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1603-1625; Stuart
Predecessor: Elizabeth I
Successor: Charles I |
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1625-1649 (beheaded); Stuart
Predecessor: James I
Successor: Council of State |
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1649-1653; Interregnum
Predecessor: Charles I
Successor: Oliver Cromwell |
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| Oliver Cromwell (Lord Protector -- Commonwealth |
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1653-1659; Interregnum
Predecessor: Council of State
Successor: Richard Cromwell |
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| Richard Cromwell (Tumbledown Dick) |
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1658-1659; Interregnum
Predecessor: Oliver Cromwell
Successor: Charles II |
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1660-1685; Stuart
Predecessor: Richard Cromwell
Successor: James II |
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1685-1688 (deposed); Stuart
Predecessor: Charles II
Successor: William and Mary |
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| William III and Mary II (ruled jointly) |
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1689-1694; Stuart (Orange)
Predecessor: James II
Successor: William III |
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1694-1702; Stuart
Predecessor: William and Mary
Successor: Anne |
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1702-1714; Stuart
Predecessor: William III
Successor: George I |
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1714-1727; Hanover
Predecessor: Anne
Successor: George II |
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1727-1760; Hanover
Predecessor: George I
Successor: George III |
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1760-1820; Hanover
Predecessor: George II
Successor: George IV |
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1820-1830; Hanover
Predecessor: George III
Successor: William IV |
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1830-1837; Hanover
Predecessor: George IV
Successor: Victoria |
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1837-1901; Hanover
Predecessor: William IV
Successor: Edward VII |
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1901-1910; Saxe-Coburg
Predecessor: Victoria
Successor: George V |
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1910-1936; Windsor
Predecessor: Edward VII
Successor: Edward VIII |
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| Edward VIII (Duke of Windsor) |
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1936 (abdicated); Windsor
Predecessor: George V
Successor: George VI |
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1936-1952; Windsor
Predecessor: Edward VIII
Successor: Elizabeth II |
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1952-present; Windsor
Predecessor: George VI
Successor: |
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