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Endocrinology hormones
Endocrinology anatomy and phys
36
Anatomy
Not Applicable
10/25/2011

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Term
Pititary gland (hypophysis)
Definition
(master gland) consists of two lobes
Anterior and Posterior. Attached to hypothalamus by infindibulum.
Term
Anterior pituitary gland 6 hormones
Definition
4-tropic hormones-stimulates target organ
FSH,LH,ACTH,TSH
non-tropic GH,PRL
Term
FSH and LH follicle stimulating hormone/ Lutenizing hormone
Definition
regulate hormone production ovaries and testes
Term
Adrenocoricotropic ACTH
Definition
regulates endocrine activity in the Adrenal Glands
Term
Thyroid stimulating hormone TSH
Definition
Growth and activity of thyroid gland
Term
Growth Hormone GH non-tropic
Definition
Determines body size
growth of muscle and long bones.
Term
Prolactin PRL
Definition
stimulates breast development promotes and maintains lactation after child birth.
Term
Posterior pituitary
Definition
Acts as storage area for two hormones.
Oxytocin, and antidiuretic hormone ADH.
Term
Oxytocin
Definition
uterine contractions milk ejection in lactation
Term
Antidiuretic hormone ADH
Definition
conserves body water, reduces urine output. hyposecretion causes diabetes insipidus
Term
Pineal gland/ produces?
Definition
located in roof of third ventricle. Produces melatonin
Term
Thyroid gland / produces 2
Definition
composed of two lobes joined by isthmus produces two major hormones Thyroid hormone and calcitonin
Term
Thyroid hormone (TH) 2
Definition
T4- thyroxine T3-triiodothyronine.
Controls rate of metabolism, cellular oxidation.
Term
myxedema
Definition
hyposecretion of thyroxine. mental and physical sluggishness. weight loss, sweating, nervousness, anxiety.
Term
calcitonin
Definition
decreases blood calcium. not involved in day to day calcium homeostasis.
Term
parathyroid gland / produces
Definition
on dorsal aspects of thyroid gland small oval glands on each lobe. produces parathyroid hormone PTH
Term
parathyroid hormone
Definition
Most important regulator of calcium balance of the blood. converts vitamin d to calcitrol.
Term
Tetany
Definition
hyposecretion of PTH prolonged muscle spasms praltsis or death.
Term
Thymus/ produces 3 hormones
Definition
Located in superior thorax.
Thymulin, Thymosins, Thymopoietins
Term
Thymulin, Thymosin, Thymopoietins
Definition
invloved with T lymphocytes and immunne response.
Term
Adrenal glands
Definition
located atop kidneys
adrenal medulla
adrenal cortex
Term
adrenal medulla
Definition
releases epinephrine and norephinephrine fight or flight
Term
adrenal cortex 3 steroid hormones
Definition
3 steroid hormones all three called corticoseroids
Term
mineralocoricoids (aldosterone)
Definition
regulate water and electrolyte balance. regulate sodium ion balance
Term
glucocorticoids
(Cortisol)
Definition
increases blood glucose levels, helps body to resist long term stressors.
Term
gonadocorticoids (sex hormones)
Definition
Where androgens and estrogens are formed.
Term
Pancreas / 2 digestive enzymes
Definition
located behind stomach in abdomen functions as endocrine and exocrine gland. Glucagon and insulin
Term
thyroid gland
Definition
follicles-spherical sacs containing colloid. stored t3 and t4 are attached as thyroglobulin. c cells calcitonin.
Term
parathyroid glands microscope
Definition
two major cell types oxyphil and chief cells. oxyphil parasynthesize PTH.
Term
pancreatic islet microscope
Definition
alpha cells- produce glucagon. smaller appear bright pink
beta cells- insulin larger and gray-blue
Term
anterior pituitary microscope
Definition
acidophil cells- growth hormone and prolactin.
Basophil- production of tropic hormones. basophil deep blue
chromophobes- colorless
Term
posterior pituitary microscope
Definition
pituicytes nerve fibers where oxytocin and ADH are stored.
Term
adrenal gland layers
Definition
Zona Glomerulosa
Zona Fasciculata
Zona Reticularis
Medulla cells
Term
Zona Glomerulosa
Definition
mineralocorticoid reproduction occures.
Term
Zona fasciculata
Definition
produces glucocoticoids.
Term
Zona Reticularis
Definition
sex hormones and gluticocorticoids.
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