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Endocrine System
n'a
11
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
12/08/2012

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Cards

Term
Hypothalamus locations and hormones
Definition
Funnel-like floor of 3rd ventricle of brain.
Thryotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)
Somatostatin.
Term
Pituitary Gland location and hormones
Definition
Attached to hypothalamus by stalk, 2 glands: adenhypophysis and neurohypophysis.
Hormones synthesized by hypothalamus.
Term
Pineal Gland location and hormones
Definition
At roof of 3rd ventricle of brain.
Secretes melatonin -> regulates mood, circadian rhythm, and timing of puberty.
Term
Thymus location and hormones
Definition
Above heart in mediastinum.
Secretes hormones that regulates T lymphocyte activity and development of other lymphatic prgrans.
thyropoeitin, thrymosin and thymulin.
Term
Thyroid Gland location and hormones
Definition
Located in neck below larynx. 2 glands joined by a bridge (isthmus). Composed of thyroid follicles with cuboidal epithelium.
T4 (thyroxine) and T3 (triiodothryonine) secreted to elevate metabolic rate and stimulates early brain and bone development.
Clear (C) cells located between follicles that secretes calcitonin -> lowers blood Calcium concentration in children.
Term
Parathryoid Gland location and hormones
Definition
Located on posterior side of thyroid gland.
Secretes parathyroid hormone -> increases blood Calcium concentration by increasing bone resorption
Term
Adrenal Medulla hormones
Definition
epinephrine and norepiniphrine - complement effects of sympathetic nervous system.
Term
Adrenal Cortex layers + hormones
Definition
1. Zona Glomerulosa - aldosterone -> Na retention and urinary K excretion.
2. Zona Fasciulata - cortisol and corticosterone (glucocorticoids) -> stimulate fat, glucose, and protein metabolism.
3. Zona Reticularis - DHEA, androstenedione (androgens) -> stimulate reproductive development and behavior in both sexes.
Term
Pancreatic Islets Cells + hormones.
Definition
1. Alpha - glucagon -> stimulates glucose release in between meals.
2. Beta - insulin -> stimulates glucose uptake by cells during and after a meal.
3. Delta - somatostatin
4. PP (F) cells - pancreatic polypeptide.
5. G cells - gastin
Term
Gonads
Definition
1. Ovaries - estrogen, progesterone, inhibin.
2. Testes - testosterone and inhibin.
Term
Glands that regress after childhood and what hormones
Definition
1. Pineal Gland - melatonin.
2. Thymus - thymosin, thymulin, thymopoietin.
3. Thyroid Gland - clear (C) cells -> calcitonin -> promotes bone deposition lowers blood Ca concentration in children.
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