Term
| What are the physiological functions of the endocrine system? |
|
Definition
1) Maintain homeostasis (insulin regulates blood glucose)
2) Cause an event (LH surge results in ovulation in female) |
|
|
Term
| What is the mechanism of action of hormones? |
|
Definition
| circulate in bloodstream and bind with target organ cell receptors to affect a change in target cell |
|
|
Term
| Hormones act on target organs due to what? |
|
Definition
| specific receptors located on target plasma membrane |
|
|
Term
| How does the neuroendocrine reflex work? |
|
Definition
-Nerve input on afferent end (going toward the CNS)
-Hormonal input on the efferent end ( brain stimulates hormone response)
-Suckling reflex, induced ovulation in cats, rabbits, breathing reflex |
|
|
Term
| What kind of gland is the thyroid gland and what does it produce? |
|
Definition
| Endocrine gland, more specifically a discrete gland- produces thyroid hormone |
|
|
Term
| What's the name of the hormone secreted by the duodenum and what does it do? |
|
Definition
Cholecystokinin
-controls fat digestion and absorption
-mediates satiety |
|
|
Term
| What kind of gland is the thyroid gland and what does it produce? |
|
Definition
| Endocrine gland, more specifically a discrete gland- produces thyroid hormone |
|
|
Term
| What's the name of the hormone secreted by the duodenum and what does it do? |
|
Definition
Cholecystokinin
-controls fat digestion and absorption
-mediates satiety |
|
|
Term
| What are some examples of peptide hormones? |
|
Definition
Polypeptide Hormones: Insulin and Antidiuretic Hormone (Vassopressin)
Glycoprotein: FSH and LH |
|
|
Term
| What are some examples of amine hormones? |
|
Definition
| Epinephrine and Norepinephrine |
|
|
Term
| What are some examples steroidal hormones? |
|
Definition
| Testosterone, Progesterone, and Estrogen |
|
|
Term
| Which are the predominant non-steroidal lipid hormones? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 classifications of hormones? |
|
Definition
1) Peptides
2) Amines
3) Steroid
4) Non-steroidal lipids |
|
|
Term
| Which hormones are found in the anterior pituitary gland? |
|
Definition
| TSH, ACTH, Prolactin, LH, FSH, GH |
|
|
Term
| Which glands are secreted by the posterior pituitary gland? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the 2nd messenger in the mechanism of hydrophilic hormones? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Decreases blood glucose. Allows uptake of glucose in cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What amino acid are amines derived from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of hormones are secreted by the adrenal gland and what do these hormones do? |
|
Definition
| The adrenal gland secretes adrenal cortical hormones like cortisol which increases gluconeogenesis. The adrenal gland also secretes mineralcorticoids such as aldosterone which increases Na+ reapsorption - K+ balance |
|
|
Term
| In which part of the adrenal gland are amine hormones found? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What target tissues are affected by PTH? |
|
Definition
| Bone, kidney, intestinal tract |
|
|
Term
| What does the parathyroid gland do? |
|
Definition
| Releases parathyroid hormone and responds to low blood Ca+ |
|
|
Term
| Which organ secretes insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| another word for GH is...? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the mammary the pathway of milk in the mammary gland. |
|
Definition
The ductular system of the mammary gland starts at the alveoli and ends at the streak canal. No
modification of the milk composition occurs once it has moved into the duct. Milk is first
collected in the lumen of the alveoli and secretory (terminal) ductules. It then drains into larger
ducts until it enters the primary (mammary) ducts attached to the gland cistern. The gland
cistern is the largest collecting point of milk. The gland cistern is linked to the teat cistern. |
|
|
