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Endocrine System
Glands
14
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
11/10/2010

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Endocrine System

(Function)

Definition

-Make and release hormones

-Secrete hormones into blood stream

Term
What causes the release of hormones?
Definition

-Visceral Efferent (GVE) pathways [neural]

-Hormones triggering other hormones [hormonal]

-Blood levels of an agent [humeral]

Term

Hormones

(Function)

Definition
-Travel in blood until they find their target (receptor)
Term
Hormone Receptors
Definition

-Hormone specific (will trigger release of another hormone)

-Something that will do the work the hormone wants done.

Term
Negative Feedback Loop
Definition

Endocrine gland -> Blood -> Target (Receptor) -> Desired Response?

-No: Start loop again

-Yes: No more hormone is released

Term
Positive Feedback Loop
Definition

Endocrine gland -> Blood -> Target (Receptor) -> Desired Response?

-No: No more hormone is released

-Yes: Start loop again

Term

Pituitary (Hypophysis)

"master gland"

Definition

-Sits in Sella Turcica

-Two lobes:

Adenohypophysis

Neurohypophysis

Term
Adenohypophysis
Definition

-Controlled by Hypothalamus

Hormones secreted:

-Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

-Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

-Growth hormone (GH)

 

Term
Neurohypophysis
Definition

Hormones secreted:

-Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

-Oxytocin

Term
Thyroid Gland
Definition

-Controls metabolism (cellular activity)

-Regulates calcium levels, responds to higher than normal levels of blood calcium

Hormones secreted:

-Thyroxine

-Calcitonin

-Hyperthyroidism: too much Thyroxine (wired)

-Hypothyroidism: not enough Thyroxine (tired)

Term

Adrenal Gland

(Suprarenal Gland)

Definition

-Two glands in one

-Adrenal medulla (middle)

-Adrenal cortex (outside)

Term
Adrenal Cortex
Definition

-Release steroids (SAIDs)

-Cortisol released in response to stress

-SAIDs released in response to inflammation

Term
Adrenal Medulla
Definition

-Acts as postsynaptic fiber

-Mimics sympathetic pathway

Hormones released:

-Norepinephrine

-Adrenaline

-Lasts longer than a postsynaptic fiber

Term
Pancreas
Definition

-Both endocrine and exocrine

Endocrine:

-Releases insulin in response to a raise in blood sugar

-Secretes glucogen in response to low levels of blood sugar

-Islets in pancreas tissue is where the hormone is produced

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