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Endocrin Glands, Hormones, Target Cells and Hormone Function
Exam 4
25
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
11/27/2011

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Cards

Term
Human Growth Hormone
Definition

Gland: Anterior Pituitary

 

Location of the Target Cells: Cartilage, bone, skeletal muscles, liver, and other body tissues 

 

Function: Stimulates secretion of hormones that stimulate body growth and metabolism. 

Term
Thyroid Stimulaing Hormone 
Definition

Gland: Anterior Pituitary

 

Location of the Target Cells: Thyroid gland

 

Funtion: stimulates frowth of thyroid gland and secretion of its hormones

Term
Follicle Stimulating Hormone
Definition

Gland: Anterior Pituitary

 

Location of the Target Cells: Testes and Ovaries

 

Function: (testies)-stimulates sperm production 

(ovaries)- stimulates oocyte production and estrogen secretion

Term
Luteinizing hormone
Definition

Gland: anterior pituitary

 

Location of the Target Cells: Testes and Ovaries

 

Function: (testes)- stimulates secretion of testosterone

(ovaries)- triggers ovulation and stimulates secretion of estroge and progesterone 

Term
Prolactin 
Definition

Gland: Anterior Pituitary

 

Location of the Target Cells: mammary gland

 

Function: stimulates production of secretion of milk

 

Term
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Definition

Gland: Anterior Pituitary

 

Location of the Target Cells: Adrenal cortex 

 

Function: stimulates secretion of hormones by adrenal cortex

Term
melanocyte stimulating hormone
Definition

Gland: anterior pituitary

 

Location of the Target Cells: skin

 

Function: darkens skin pigmentations

Term
Anti-diuretic Hormone
Definition

Gland: Posterior Pituitary 

 

Location of the Target Cells: Kidneys

 

Function: Decreases water lost in urine by returning water to the blood

Term
oxytocin
Definition

Gland: posterior pituitary

 

Location of the Target Cells: uterus and mammary glands

 

Function: stimulates uterine contractions and milk ejection during suckling 

Term
thyroxine
Definition

Gland: thyroid gland

 

Location of the Target Cells: most body cells

 

Function: increases metabolicm and basal metabolic rate (BMR)

Term
Triiodothyronine
Definition

Gland: Thyroid Gland

 

Location of the Target Cells: Most Body Cells

 

Function: Increases metabolism and BMR

Term
Calacitonin
Definition

Gland: Thyroid gland

 

Location of the Target Cells: osteoclast cells in bones 

 

Function: decreases blood calcium levels by inhibiting osteoclasts 

Term
parathyroid hormone
Definition

Gland: parathyroid glands 

 

Location of the Target Cells: osteoclast cells in bones

 

Function: increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclasts to break down bone matrix

Term
Aldosterone
Definition

Gland: adrenal cortex 

 

Location of the Target Cells: kidneys 

 

Function: decreases sodium and water loss in urine by returning sodium and water to the blood 

Term
Cortisol
Definition

Gland: Adrenal Cortex

 

Location of the Target Cells: liver, muscles, and cells involved in body defenses

 

Function: increases resistance to stress and increases blood glucose levels and decreases inflammation 

Term
Androgens
Definition

Gland: adrenal Cortex

 

Location of the Target Cells: Uterus, mammary glands, and other body cells involved in secondary sex characteristic

 

Function: insignificant in males; increases sec drive in female. 

Term
Epinephrine
Definition

Gland:  Adrenal medulla

 

Location of Target Cells: Body cells involved in fight or flight response

 

Function: promotes fight-or-flight response

Term
Norepinphrine
Definition

Gland: Adrenal mefulla 

 

Location of Target Cells: body cells involved in fight or flight responses

 

Function: promotes fight or flight responses

Term
insulin
Definition

Gland: Pancreas

 

Location of Target Cells: most body cells

 

Function: decreases blood glucose levels by transporting glucose into body cells

Term
glucagon
Definition

Gland: pancreas

 

Location of Target Cells: liver

 

Function: increases blood glucose levels by stimulating liver to break down glycogen into glucose

Term
estrogen
Definition

Gland: ovaries

 

Location of Target Cells: uterus, mammary glands and other body cells involved in female sexual characteristics

 

Function: stimulates development of female sex characteristics; helps regulate menstrual cycle

Term
progesterone
Definition

Gland: ovaries

 

Location of Target Cells: uterus, mammary glands and other body cells involved in female sexual characteristics

 

Function: stimulates development of females sex characteristics; helps regulate menstrual cycle 

Term
testosterone
Definition

Gland: Testes

 

Location of Target Cells: testes, muscle, and other body cells involved in male sexual characteristics

 

Function: stimulates development of male sex characteristics; stimulates male sex drive; regulates sperm production

Term
melatonin
Definition

Gland: pineal gland 

 

Location of Target Cells: brain

 

Function: helps to set biological clock

Term
Thymosin
Definition

Gland: Thymus

 

Location of Target Cells: T cells (type of white blood cells involved in immune response)

 

Function: Promotes the maturation of T cells for the immune response

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