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Emergency Medicine: Hematologic Emergencies
EM: Heme Emergencies Final
23
Anatomy
Graduate
02/05/2012

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Cards

Term
Genetic forms of anemia:
Definition
- Sickle Cell
- Thalassemia
- G6PD
- Spherocytosis
Term
Acute idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is MC in __ __ and is equal b/w males and females. It usually resolves within __ to __ __. Symptoms include __ __ and __ __.
Definition
- younger children
- 1 to 2 months
- easy bruising and gum bleeds, nose bleeds, blood in urine
Term
How can you distinguish acute ITP from erythema mulitforme?
Definition
- acute ITP: painless purpura
- erythema multiforme: painful purpura
Term
Chronic ITP occurs in __ and lasts longer than __ __. It is more common in __. It will not resolve on own and requires tmt with __.
Definition
- adults
- 3 months
- women
- steroids
Term
CBC of ITP:
Definition
normal except decreased platelets
Term
Outpt tmt for ITP:
Definition
- Prednisone 60-100 mg/day (taper once normal platelets over 2-3 months)
Term
Inpt treatment for ITP:
Definition
- IV Mehtylprednisolone 1-2g/day for 2-3 days +/- IV immunoglobulins
Term
Thrmobotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura classic Pentad:
Definition
1. Thrombocytopenia (<20,000, +schist/helmets)
2. Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia (MAH)
3. Fever
4. Renal Impairment
5. Neurological Impairment
Term
MCC of TTP
Definition
pregnancy
Term
TTP treatment:
Definition
- Daily plasmaphoresis to get rid of vWF and infuse cryosupernatant
- Prednisone 1-2 mg/kg/day with plasma exchange
Term
If you see low platelets, you also need to order __ __ to rule out DIC.
Definition
D dimer
Term
Tmt of DIC:
Definition
- treat underlying cause
- Fibrinogen replacement with Fresh Frozen Plasma
Term
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome is mostly issue in early childhood (6 months to 4 years). What are the 4 characteristics of this condition?
Definition
- Thrombocytopenia
- Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia (MAHA)
- Fever
- Acute Renal Failure
Term
Mild HUS (<24 hrs) tmt:
Definition
- supportive care
- maybe steroids
Term
Severe HUS tmt;
Definition
consider plasma exchange
Term
With Antiphosphholipid Antibody Syndrome the __ __ interferes with clot dissolution.
Definition
Lupus anticoagulant
Term
LUPUS ANTICOAGULANT IS NOT LUPUS. NOT EVERYONE WITH THE ANTICOAG HAS LUPUS, BUT PPLE WITH LUPUS HAVE THE ANTICOAG.
Definition
Term
tmt for : asymptomatic pts wiht lupus anticoagulant or anticardiolipin antiboides (both go along with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome)
Definition
no tmt needed if asymptomatic
Term
MC defect in Northern European descent:
Definition
Hereditary Spherocytosis
Term
Pts with hereditary spherocytosis have increased risk for __ __ __.
Definition
pigemented gall stones
Term
Lab findings with hereditary spherocytosis:
Definition
- nml-low MCV
- increased MCH
- smear= spherocytes
Term
Hereditary spherocytosis tmt:
Definition
splenectomy
Term
G6PD is a dgenetic flaw in __. These pts have a low tolerance for __ __. They should avoid __ drugs, __ beans, and ___.
Definition
- NADPH
- oxidative stress
- sulfa drugs
- fava beans
- antimalarials
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